Morphology Of Flowering Plants 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Position of floral part on thalamus

A

HYPOGYNOUS: Gynoecium is highest
Ovaries are superior
MUSTARD, CHINA ROSE,Brinjal,Petunia

PERIGYNOUS: Centre, other at rim or periphery to thalamus
Ovaries are Half inferior
PLUM, RISE, PEACH

EPIGYNOUS: Ovaries are enclosed complete, fused, other part are above
GUAVA, CUCUMBER, BITTERGOURD, Sunflower ray floret

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2
Q

Calyx
Corolla
Androecium
Gynoecium

A

Sepal
Petal
Stamen
Csrpel

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3
Q

Types of calyx

A

Gamosepalous sepal United

Polysepalous- sepal free

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4
Q

Corolla shape

A

Tubular, bell shape, funnel shape, wheel shape

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5
Q

Aestivation

A
Arrangements of sepal, Petal in floral bud with respect to other member of the same whrol
Valvate
Twisted
Imbricate
Vexillary
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6
Q

Valvate

A

Margin just touch eachother, no overlapping

CALOTROPIS

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7
Q

Twisted

A

Sepal, peal overlap adjacent sepal, Petal

CHINA ROSE, LADIES FINGER, COTTON

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8
Q

Imbricate

A

Margin overlap but in different directions

CASSIA, GULMOHUR

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9
Q

Vexillary

A

Large (standard) overlap smaller lateral (wings) overlap analyst anterior (keel)

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10
Q

Androecium

A

Male
Inner to corolla
Stamen- anther, filament
Length of filament may varry like in Salvia, mustard

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11
Q

Sterile stamen

A

Staminode

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12
Q

Adhesion of stamen

A

Stamen attached with Petal: epipetalous, BRINGAL

With preinath: epiphyllous: LILY

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13
Q

Adhesion of stamen

A

Free stamen- polyandrous
1 bundle: monoadelophous, China Rose
2 bundle: diadepholus, pea
More: polyandrous, Citrus

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14
Q

Gynoecium

A

Female
Free calpel, lotus, rose- Apocarpous
Fused carpel- mustard, tomato- synchronous

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15
Q

Ovary

A
Basal, swollen
Chamber of ovaries- Loculi
1 C- unilocular
2- bi
3-tri
Ovules are borne in these chambers
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16
Q

Placentra

A
Marginal
Axile
Parietal
Free central
Basal
17
Q

Marginal

A

ridge along vertical suture of ovary
Ovules are borne in 2 alternate rows
Pea

18
Q

Axile

A

Axile position, ovules are located in multilocular ovary

China Rose, tomata, lemon

19
Q

Parietal

A

One chamber ovary becomes 2 chamber due to false septum
Ovule develop on innerwall on peripheral
MUSTARD, ARGEMONE

20
Q

Free central

A

Ovules are borne on central axis, septa absent in ovary

PRIMROSE, DIANTHUS

21
Q

Basal

A

The placenta develops at base, single ovule in placenta

SUNFLOWER, MARIGOLD

22
Q

Parthenocarpic fruit

A

Fruits without fertilisation

Banana

23
Q

Part of fruit

A
Fruit wall: pericarp develops from walls of ovary
Dry or fleshy
If fleshy:
Epicarp outer
Mesocrap middle
Endocarp innermost

Seeds develop from ovules:
Grapes,banana
In apple, pear fruit formation with other part

24
Q

Simple fruit
Aggregate fruit
Multiple fruit

A

Syncarpous ovary,
Dry fruit, succulent
Polycarpellary, Apocarpous: Strawberry, RaSbErry
Entire inflorescence, JACKFRUIT, mulberry, pineapple, Ficus

25
Q

Dry fruit

A

Dehiscent: Legume or pod: PEA, Silqua or silicula: BRASSICACEAE, capsule: DATURA
Burst automatically and discharge seed

Indehiscent: Cypsela(sunflower), Caryopsis(wheat, maize, rice), Scheme(mirabillis) nut(litchi)
Do not burst automatically, liberation of seed, decomposition, destruction of pericarp

26
Q

Succulent/ fleshy fruit

A
Drupe: mango, coconut
BERRY: Tomato, guava, grapes
Peepo: Cucumber
POME: Apple, Pear
Hesperidium: orange, Citrus
Balausta: Pomegranate
27
Q

Drupe

A

One seed fruit, diff into epicarp, meso, endo(hard, stony)
Mango: epi is skin
Meso is juicy p, edible

Coconut: Coco’s nuctifera: meso is fibrous, so fibrous drupe
Walnu( Jutland regia)

28
Q

Parthenocarpic fruit

A

Fruit without fertilisation

Banana

29
Q

Seed

Dicot seed

A

Seed coat + embryo
Embryo: embryo axis + 1( wheat maize) or 2cotyledons ( gram, pea)

,, + Endosperm

30
Q

Seed coat

A

Develops from interguments of ovules
2 layer: outer testa, inner tegmen
Hilum is scar in seed coat where seed is attached to fruit
Above hilum is micropyle small pore

31
Q

Embryo

A

Most important part of seed
2 cotyledons, fleshy, food materials
End of axis are radical, plumule

32
Q

Endosperm

A

Double fertilisation
Storage eg castor
But in bean, gram, pea not present,

33
Q

Monocotyledons seed

A

In seed of cereal such as maize, seed coat is membranous
Endosperm, embryo are below it.
Orchids are no endosperm
Protenatious structure: Aleutone layer
Embryo is small, at groove at endosperm end.
Large, shield shaped cotyledons: scutellum, short axis plume, radicle
Plumele sheath: Coleptile, Radicle: coleorrhiza

34
Q

Perispermic seed

A
Stays in seed, perisperm
Piper nigrum (black pepper)
35
Q

Brassicasea

A

Inflorescence corumb, corymbose- raceme
Flower tetramerous
Cruciform corolla
Tetradynamous condition, sometime didynamous
Bicarpellary, syncarpous, superior ovaries, unilocular but binocular due to replum, partiesl platform, stigma Bivins
Fruit is siiqua, silicula

36
Q

Fabaceae

A

All World
First called papilionoideae, a sub family of family Leguminosae
Tree, shrubs, herb, climbers
Tap root, root with root nodules branched. Has rhizobium
Stem: erect, climber
Leaves: alternate, rarely simple, pinnately compound,venation reticullate, leaves into tendrils, stipulate, pulvinate

37
Q

Fabaceae floral:

A
Racemose
Bisexual, zygomorphic
Sepal 5, valvate, imbricate aestivation
Petal 5, polypetalous, consistin of posterior standard, 2 lateral wings, 2 anterior one froming keel, vexxillary aestivation
Androecium: Ten, diadepholus, dithecocus
Gynoecium: ovary superior, monocarpellary, unilocular with many ovules, styl single, many ovule in 2 alternative row
Fruit: legume
Seed: 1 to many, non endospermic