morphology of flowering plants Flashcards
dicot plants
tap root; mustard
monocot plants
fibrous roots, wheat (originates from base of stem)
adventitious roots
roots from parts of the plant other than radicle (grass, monstera, banyan tree)
region of meristematic activity
very small cells, thin walled with dense cytoplasm
modifications of root for support
prop roots in banyan
stilt roots in maize, sugarcane (lower nodes of stem)
storage of food
tap roots
carrots
turnip
adventitious roots
sweet potato
asparagus
respiration
pneumatophores in rhizophora
underground stems (organs of perennation)
potato
ginger
turmeric
zaminkand
colocasia
stem tendrils
gourds- cucumber, pumpkin, watermelon
grapevine
thorns
citrus
bougainvillea
opuntia
flattened stems
euphorbia
cylindrical fleshy stems
underground stems of grass strawberry
spread to new niches
mint
jasmine
laterally above ground and then touch the ground
pistia
eichhornia
water runners
banana
pineapple
chrysanthemum
underground lateral propagation
pulvinus
leguminous plants
reticulate venation
dicots
parallel venation
monocots
pinnately compound leaf
rachis
neem
palmately compound leaf
silk cotton
alternate phyllotaxy
china rose
mustard
sunflower
opposite phyllotaxy
calotropis
guava
whorled phyllotaxy
alstonia
modifications of leaves
tendrils
peas
spines
cactus
food storage
onion
garlic
Australian acacia
short lived leaves
petioles synthesize food
insectivourous plants
pitcher plant
venus fly trap
racemose inflorescence
acropetal succession (base to apex)
cymose
basipetal succession (apex to base)
perianth
petals and sepals not distinct
lily
actinomorphic (radial)
mustard
datura
chilli
zygomorphic (bilateral)
pea
gulmohur
bean
cassia
asymmetric
canna
hypogynous flower
superior ovary
mustard
china rose
brinjal
perigynous flower
half inferior ovary
plum
rose
peach
epigynous flower
inferior ovary
guava
cucumber
ray florets of sunflower
valvate aestivation
calotropis
twisted aestivation
china rose
lady’s finger
cotton
imbricate aestivation
cassia
gulmohur
vexillary/papilionaceous aestivation
pea
bean
sterile stamen
staminode
epipetalous
stamen fused with petals
brinjal
epiphyllous/epitepalous
stamen fused with perianth
lily
monoadelphous stamen
china rose
diadelphous stamen
pea
polyadelphous stamen
citrus
variation in length of filaments
salvia
mustard
apocarpous carpels
free
lotus
rose
syncarpous carpels
fused
mustard
tomato
marginal placentation
pea
axile placentation
china rose
tomato
lemon
pareital placentation
one chambered but two due to formation of false septum
mustard
argemone
free central placentation
dianthus
primrose
basal placentation
sunflower
marigold
pericarp
epicarp
mesocarp
endocarp
drupe
mango
coconut
monocarpellary superior ovaries
dicot seed
seed coat (testa-outer ; tegmen-inner)
hilum
micropyle
castor (endosperm)
bean, pea, gram (non endospermous)
monocot seed
endospermous except orchids
proteinous aleurone layer
shield shaped scutellum
plumule coleoptile
radicle coleorhiza
brassicaceae
mustard
+ bisexual K2+2 C4 A2+4 Ģ(2)
fabaceae
papilionoideae from family leguminosae
non endospermous seeds
% bisexual K(5) C1+2+(2) A(9)+1 Ģ1
pulses: gram, arhar, sem, moong, soyabean
edible oil: soyabean, ground nut
dye: indigofera
fibres: sun hemp
fodder: sesbania, trifolium
ornamentals: lupin, sweet pea
medicine: muliathi
solanaceae
endospermous seeds
potato family
+ bisexual K(5) C(5)A5 Ģ(2)
food: tomato, brinjal, potato
spice: chilli
medicine: belladonna, ashwagandha
fumigatory: tobacco
ornamentals: petunia
solanum nigrum (makoi)
liliaceae
lily family
monocotyledonous plants
endospermous seeds
Br + bisexual P(3+3)A(3+3) Ģ(3)
ornamentals: tulip, gloriosa
medicine: aloe
vegetables: asparagus
colchicine: colchicum autumnale
onion (allium cepa)
