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biology class xi > animal kingdom > Flashcards

animal kingdom Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

basis of classification

A

arrangement of cells
body symmetry
nature of coelom
patters of digestive, circulatory pr reproductive systems

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2
Q

cellular level of organisation

A

sponges

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3
Q

tissue level

A

coelenterates
ctenophores

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4
Q

organ level

A

platyhelminthes
aschelminthes

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5
Q

organ system level

A

annelids, arthropods, molluscs, echinoderms, chordates

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6
Q

incomplete digestive system in platyhelminthes

A

only one opening to the outside of the body

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7
Q

asymmetrical

A

sponges

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8
Q

radial symmetry

A

coelenterates
ctenophores
echinoderms

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9
Q

bilateral symmetry

A

platyhelminthes

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10
Q

diploblastic

A

ectoderm, endoderm and undifferentiated mesoglea
coelenterates

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11
Q

triploblastic

A

endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm
platyhelminthes

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12
Q

coelomate

A

annelida

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13
Q

pseudocoelomate

A

aschelminthes

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14
Q

acoelomate

A

platyhelminthes

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15
Q

metamerism

A

earthworms have metameric segments

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16
Q

notochord

A

mesodermally derived
rod like structure
formed on dorsal side during embryonic development

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17
Q

porifera / sponges

A

marine (expect spongilla)

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18
Q

water transport or canal system

A

ostia > spongocoel > osculum

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19
Q

spongocoel and canals

A

lined by choanocytes/collar cells

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20
Q

digestion

A

intracellular

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21
Q

skeleton made of

A

spicules or sponging fibres

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22
Q

sexes

A

not separate (hermaphrodite)

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23
Q

asexually

A

fragmentation

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24
Q

sexually

A

formation of gametes

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25
Q

fertilisation

A

internal

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26
Q

development

A

indirect

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27
Q

sycon

A

scypha

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28
Q

spongilla

A

fresh water

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29
Q

euspongia

A

bath sponge

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30
Q

coelenterata (cnidaria)

A

aquatic, mostly marine
session or free swimming
cnidoblasts/cnidocytes (containing stinging capsules/nematocytes)
central vascular cavity with hypostome

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31
Q

digestion

A

intracellular and extracellular

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32
Q

corals have

A

calcium carbonate skeletons

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33
Q

two basic body forms

A

polyp: sessile, cylindrical
hydra, adamsia

medusa: free swimming, umbrella shaped
Aurelia/jelly fish

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34
Q

alternation of generation (metagenesis)

A

obelia

polyp > medusa (asexually)
medusa > polyp (sexually)

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35
Q

physalia

A

Portuguese man of war

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36
Q

adamsia

A

sea anemone

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37
Q

pennatula

A

sea pen

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38
Q

gorgonia

A

sea fan

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39
Q

meandrina

A

brain coral

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40
Q

ctenophora (sea walnuts/comb jellies)

A

exclusively marine
eight external rows of ciliated comb plates
bioluminescence

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41
Q

digestion

A

extracellular and intracellular

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42
Q

sexes

A

not separate

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43
Q

reproduction

A

only by sexual means

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44
Q

fertilisation

A

external

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45
Q

development

A

indirect

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46
Q

examples

A

pleurobrachia
ctenoplana

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47
Q

platyhelminthes (flatworms)

A

dorso ventrally flattened
mostly endoparasites
hooks and suckered on parasitic forms
flame cells (osmoregulation and excretion)

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48
Q

fertilisation

A

internal

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49
Q

development

A

through mang larval stages

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50
Q

planaria

A

high regeneration capacity

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51
Q

taenia

A

tapeworm

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52
Q

fasciola

A

liver fluke

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53
Q

aschelminthes (roundworms)

A

circular in cross section
free living, aquatic and terrestrial or parasitic
alimentary canal is complete
well developed muscular pharynx
excretory tube with excretory pore

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54
Q

sexes

A

separate (dioecious)
females are longer than males

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55
Q

fertilisation

A

internal

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56
Q

development

A

direct or indirect

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57
Q

ascaris

A

round worm

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58
Q

wuchereria

A

filaria worm

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59
Q

ancyclostoma

A

hookworm

60
Q

annelida

A
61
Q

annelida

A

closed circulatory system
nephridia for osmoregulation and excretion
paired ganglia connected to lateral nerves to a double ventral nerve cord

62
Q

annelida examples

A

nereis (dioecious)
pheretima (earthworm)
hirudinaria (blood sucking leech)

63
Q

arthropoda

A

chitinous exoskeleton
head, thorax and abdomen
jointed appendages
sensory organs
open circulatory system
malpighian tubules
internal fertilisation
direct or indirect development

64
Q

economically important insects

A

apis(honeybee)
bombyx (silkworm)
laccifer (lac insect)

65
Q

vector insects

A

anopheles
culex
aedes (mosquitoes)

66
Q

gregarious pest a

A

locusta (locust)

67
Q

living fossil arthropoda

A

limulus (king crab)

68
Q

mollusca

A

calcareous shell
unsegmented
head, muscular foot, visceral hump
radula

69
Q

apple snail m

A

pila

70
Q

pearl oyster m

A

pinctada

71
Q

cuttlefish m

A

sepia

72
Q

squid m

A

loligo

73
Q

devil fish m

A

octopus

74
Q

sea hare m

A

aplysia

75
Q

tusk shell m

A

dentalium

76
Q

chiton m

A

chaelopluera

77
Q

echinodermata

A

endoskeleton of calcareous ossicles
marine
adult radial
larvae bilateral
water vascular system
excretory system absent
external fertilisation
indirect development

78
Q

star fish e

A

asterias

79
Q

sea urchin e

A

echinus

80
Q

sea lily e

A

antedon

81
Q

sea cucumber e

A

cucumaria

82
Q

brittle star e

A

ophiura

83
Q

hemichoradata

A

worm like
marine
proboscis, collar and long trunk
open type
gills
proboscis gland excretory
external fertilisation
development indirect

84
Q

hemichordata examples

A

balanoglossus
saccoglossus

85
Q

chordata

A

notochord
dorsal hollow nerve cord
paired pharyngeal gill slits
post anal tail
closed circulatory system

86
Q

protochordata

A

marine
urochordata or tunicata
cephalochordata

87
Q

urochordata

A

notochord present only in larval tail
ascidia
salpa
doliotum

88
Q

cephalochordata

A

head to tail
persistent throughout life
branchiostoma (amphioxus or lancelot)

89
Q

vertebrata

A

notochord during embryonic period
notochord replaced by cartilagenous or bony vertebral column
ventral muscular heart
kidneys for excretion and osmoregulation

90
Q

agnatha

A

lacks jaw

91
Q

gnathostomata

A

bears jaw

92
Q

cyclostomata

A

ectoparasites on some fishes
6-15 pairs of gill slits
sucking and circular mouth without jaws
devoid of scales and paired fins
cartilagenous
closed type

93
Q

cyclostomata examples

A

petromyzon (lamprey)
myxine (hagfish)

94
Q

chondrichthyes

A

marine
cartilagenous endoskeleton
ventral mouth
notochord persistent throughout life
gill slits separate without operculum
placoid scales
absence of air bladder
internal fertilisation
viviparous

95
Q

electric organs chondrichthyes

A

torpedo

96
Q

poison sting chondrichthyes

A

trygon (sting ray)

97
Q

dog fish chondrichthyes

A

scoliodon

98
Q

saw fish chondrichthyes

A

pristis

99
Q

great white shark chondrichthyes

A

carcharodon

100
Q

osteichthyes

A

bony endoskeleton
terminal mouth
four pairs of gills with operculum
cycloid/ctenoid scales
air bladder present
external fertilisation
oviparous
direct development

101
Q

marine osteichthyes flying fish

A

exocoetus

102
Q

sea horse

A

hippo campus

103
Q

freshwater rohu

A

labeo

104
Q

katla

A

catla

105
Q

magur

A

clarias

106
Q

aquarium fighting fish

A

betta

107
Q

angel fish

A

pterophyllum

108
Q

amphibia

A

head and trunk
eyelids
tympanum
cloaca
three chambered heart
external fertilisation
oviparous
indirect development

109
Q

toad

A

bufo

110
Q

frog

A

rana

111
Q

tree frog

A

hyla

112
Q

salamander

A

salamandra

113
Q

limitless amphibia

A

ichthyophis

114
Q

reptilia

A

three chambered heart
four chambered in crocodiles
shed skin
internal fertilisation
direct development

115
Q

turtle

A

chelone

116
Q

tortoise

A

testudo

117
Q

tree lizard

A

chamelion

118
Q

garden lizard

A

calotes

119
Q

crocodiles

A

crocodilus

120
Q

alligator

A

alligator

121
Q

wall lizard

A

hemidactylus

122
Q

poisonous snakes

A

naja (cobra)
bangarus (krait)
vipera (viper)

123
Q

aves

A

fully ossified (bony) endoskeleton
pneumatic
crop and gizzard
four chambered heart
lungs and air sacs
internal fertilisation
oviparous
direct

124
Q

crow

A

corvus

125
Q

pigeon

A

columba

126
Q

parrot

A

psittacula

127
Q

ostrich

A

struthio

128
Q

peacock

A

pavo

129
Q

penguin

A

aptenodytes

130
Q

vulture

A

neophron

131
Q

mammalia

A

mammary glands
skin has hair
pinnae or external ears
four chambered heart

132
Q

oviparous platypus

A

ornithorhynchus

133
Q

kangaroo

A

macropus

134
Q

flying fox

A

pteropus

135
Q

camel

A

camelus

136
Q

monkey

A

macaca

137
Q

rat

A

rattus

138
Q

dog

A

canis

139
Q

cat

A

felis

140
Q

elephant

A

elephas

141
Q

horse

A

equus

142
Q

dolphin

A

delpinus

143
Q

blue whale

A

balaenoptera

144
Q

tiger

A

Panthera tigris

145
Q

lion

A

panthera leo

biology class xi (4 decks)

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