animal kingdom Flashcards
1
Q
basis of classification
A
arrangement of cells
body symmetry
nature of coelom
patters of digestive, circulatory pr reproductive systems
2
Q
cellular level of organisation
A
sponges
3
Q
tissue level
A
coelenterates
ctenophores
4
Q
organ level
A
platyhelminthes
aschelminthes
5
Q
organ system level
A
annelids, arthropods, molluscs, echinoderms, chordates
6
Q
incomplete digestive system in platyhelminthes
A
only one opening to the outside of the body
7
Q
asymmetrical
A
sponges
8
Q
radial symmetry
A
coelenterates
ctenophores
echinoderms
9
Q
bilateral symmetry
A
platyhelminthes
10
Q
diploblastic
A
ectoderm, endoderm and undifferentiated mesoglea
coelenterates
11
Q
triploblastic
A
endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm
platyhelminthes
12
Q
coelomate
A
annelida
13
Q
pseudocoelomate
A
aschelminthes
14
Q
acoelomate
A
platyhelminthes
15
Q
metamerism
A
earthworms have metameric segments
16
Q
notochord
A
mesodermally derived
rod like structure
formed on dorsal side during embryonic development
17
Q
porifera / sponges
A
marine (expect spongilla)
18
Q
water transport or canal system
A
ostia > spongocoel > osculum
19
Q
spongocoel and canals
A
lined by choanocytes/collar cells
20
Q
digestion
A
intracellular
21
Q
skeleton made of
A
spicules or sponging fibres
22
Q
sexes
A
not separate (hermaphrodite)
23
Q
asexually
A
fragmentation
24
Q
sexually
A
formation of gametes
25
fertilisation
internal
26
development
indirect
27
sycon
scypha
28
spongilla
fresh water
29
euspongia
bath sponge
30
coelenterata (cnidaria)
aquatic, mostly marine
session or free swimming
cnidoblasts/cnidocytes (containing stinging capsules/nematocytes)
central vascular cavity with hypostome
31
digestion
intracellular and extracellular
32
corals have
calcium carbonate skeletons
33
two basic body forms
polyp: sessile, cylindrical
hydra, adamsia
medusa: free swimming, umbrella shaped
Aurelia/jelly fish
34
alternation of generation (metagenesis)
obelia
polyp > medusa (asexually)
medusa > polyp (sexually)
35
physalia
Portuguese man of war
36
adamsia
sea anemone
37
pennatula
sea pen
38
gorgonia
sea fan
39
meandrina
brain coral
40
ctenophora (sea walnuts/comb jellies)
exclusively marine
eight external rows of ciliated comb plates
bioluminescence
41
digestion
extracellular and intracellular
42
sexes
not separate
43
reproduction
only by sexual means
44
fertilisation
external
45
development
indirect
46
examples
pleurobrachia
ctenoplana
47
platyhelminthes (flatworms)
dorso ventrally flattened
mostly endoparasites
hooks and suckered on parasitic forms
flame cells (osmoregulation and excretion)
48
fertilisation
internal
49
development
through mang larval stages
50
planaria
high regeneration capacity
51
taenia
tapeworm
52
fasciola
liver fluke
53
aschelminthes (roundworms)
circular in cross section
free living, aquatic and terrestrial or parasitic
alimentary canal is complete
well developed muscular pharynx
excretory tube with excretory pore
54
sexes
separate (dioecious)
females are longer than males
55
fertilisation
internal
56
development
direct or indirect
57
ascaris
round worm
58
wuchereria
filaria worm
59
ancyclostoma
hookworm
60
annelida
61
annelida
closed circulatory system
nephridia for osmoregulation and excretion
paired ganglia connected to lateral nerves to a double ventral nerve cord
62
annelida examples
nereis (dioecious)
pheretima (earthworm)
hirudinaria (blood sucking leech)
63
arthropoda
chitinous exoskeleton
head, thorax and abdomen
jointed appendages
sensory organs
open circulatory system
malpighian tubules
internal fertilisation
direct or indirect development
64
economically important insects
apis(honeybee)
bombyx (silkworm)
laccifer (lac insect)
65
vector insects
anopheles
culex
aedes (mosquitoes)
66
gregarious pest a
locusta (locust)
67
living fossil arthropoda
limulus (king crab)
68
mollusca
calcareous shell
unsegmented
head, muscular foot, visceral hump
radula
69
apple snail m
pila
70
pearl oyster m
pinctada
71
cuttlefish m
sepia
72
squid m
loligo
73
devil fish m
octopus
74
sea hare m
aplysia
75
tusk shell m
dentalium
76
chiton m
chaelopluera
77
echinodermata
endoskeleton of calcareous ossicles
marine
adult radial
larvae bilateral
water vascular system
excretory system absent
external fertilisation
indirect development
78
star fish e
asterias
79
sea urchin e
echinus
80
sea lily e
antedon
81
sea cucumber e
cucumaria
82
brittle star e
ophiura
83
hemichoradata
worm like
marine
proboscis, collar and long trunk
open type
gills
proboscis gland excretory
external fertilisation
development indirect
84
hemichordata examples
balanoglossus
saccoglossus
85
chordata
notochord
dorsal hollow nerve cord
paired pharyngeal gill slits
post anal tail
closed circulatory system
86
protochordata
marine
urochordata or tunicata
cephalochordata
87
urochordata
notochord present only in larval tail
ascidia
salpa
doliotum
88
cephalochordata
head to tail
persistent throughout life
branchiostoma (amphioxus or lancelot)
89
vertebrata
notochord during embryonic period
notochord replaced by cartilagenous or bony vertebral column
ventral muscular heart
kidneys for excretion and osmoregulation
90
agnatha
lacks jaw
91
gnathostomata
bears jaw
92
cyclostomata
ectoparasites on some fishes
6-15 pairs of gill slits
sucking and circular mouth without jaws
devoid of scales and paired fins
cartilagenous
closed type
93
cyclostomata examples
petromyzon (lamprey)
myxine (hagfish)
94
chondrichthyes
marine
cartilagenous endoskeleton
ventral mouth
notochord persistent throughout life
gill slits separate without operculum
placoid scales
absence of air bladder
internal fertilisation
viviparous
95
electric organs chondrichthyes
torpedo
96
poison sting chondrichthyes
trygon (sting ray)
97
dog fish chondrichthyes
scoliodon
98
saw fish chondrichthyes
pristis
99
great white shark chondrichthyes
carcharodon
100
osteichthyes
bony endoskeleton
terminal mouth
four pairs of gills with operculum
cycloid/ctenoid scales
air bladder present
external fertilisation
oviparous
direct development
101
marine osteichthyes flying fish
exocoetus
102
sea horse
hippo campus
103
freshwater rohu
labeo
104
katla
catla
105
magur
clarias
106
aquarium fighting fish
betta
107
angel fish
pterophyllum
108
amphibia
head and trunk
eyelids
tympanum
cloaca
three chambered heart
external fertilisation
oviparous
indirect development
109
toad
bufo
110
frog
rana
111
tree frog
hyla
112
salamander
salamandra
113
limitless amphibia
ichthyophis
114
reptilia
three chambered heart
four chambered in crocodiles
shed skin
internal fertilisation
direct development
115
turtle
chelone
116
tortoise
testudo
117
tree lizard
chamelion
118
garden lizard
calotes
119
crocodiles
crocodilus
120
alligator
alligator
121
wall lizard
hemidactylus
122
poisonous snakes
naja (cobra)
bangarus (krait)
vipera (viper)
123
aves
fully ossified (bony) endoskeleton
pneumatic
crop and gizzard
four chambered heart
lungs and air sacs
internal fertilisation
oviparous
direct
124
crow
corvus
125
pigeon
columba
126
parrot
psittacula
127
ostrich
struthio
128
peacock
pavo
129
penguin
aptenodytes
130
vulture
neophron
131
mammalia
mammary glands
skin has hair
pinnae or external ears
four chambered heart
132
oviparous platypus
ornithorhynchus
133
kangaroo
macropus
134
flying fox
pteropus
135
camel
camelus
136
monkey
macaca
137
rat
rattus
138
dog
canis
139
cat
felis
140
elephant
elephas
141
horse
equus
142
dolphin
delpinus
143
blue whale
balaenoptera
144
tiger
Panthera tigris
145
lion
panthera leo
