Morphology and Word-Formation

Question 1

Definition of Morphology

Answer 1

The study of the internal structure of words

Question 2

Definition Morpheme

Answer 2

The smallest meaning-bearing unit of language e.g. workers consists of 3 morphemes:

work - er -s

Question 3

Give 3 Examples of Morphemes with their function

Answer 3

(-ed) = watched = turns verb into past tense
(-ness) = happiness = turns adjectives into a nound
(un-) = unhappy =denotes opposite quality with adjectives

Question 4

Definition of free morphemes

Answer 4

= can occur on their own e.g work

Question 5

Definition bound morphemes

Answer 5

= do not occur on their own e.g. (-er)

Question 6

All bound morphemes are ________

Answer 6

affixes

Question 7

What is a lexical/derivatioonal morpheme?

Answer 7

helps to create new words from an existing base (e.g. Londoner, characterize)

Question 8

What is a grammatical/inflectional morpheme?

Answer 8

contains information about how the word is used in a phrase or sentence (e.g. higher, swims, sleeping, played)

Question 9

What is an allopmorph?

Answer 9

Variantions of a morpheme e.g. plural morpheme of dogs, cats, buses…

Question 10

Name three word-formation processes

Answer 10

derivation

compounding

shortenings

Question 11

What kind of derivation exist? Give also examples

Answer 11

prefixation (re-tail)

suffixation (sing-er)

conversion/zero-derivation

(1. noun>verb=The butter, to butter)
(2. adjective>verb= it’s open, to open)
(3. verb>noun= to love, the love)
(4. adjective>noun=a final coundown, it’s the final)

backformation (to babysit)

Question 12

Example for a compounding type example of noun+noun

Answer 12

apple pie

Question 13

Example for a compounding type example of noun+adj

Answer 13

knee-deep

Question 14

Example for a compounding type example of noun+verb

Answer 14

day-dream

Question 15

Example for a compounding type example of verb+noun

Answer 15

pickpocket

Question 16

Example for a compounding type example of adj+noun

Answer 16

small-talk

Question 17

Example for a compounding type example of adj+adj

Answer 17

blue green

Question 18

Example for a compounding type example of verb+verb

Answer 18

to sleepwalk

Question 19

Name three types of shortenings with an example

Answer 19

acronyms: TEFL; NATO
alphabetism: PH, TV
clipping: fridge
blend: brunch

Question 20

What is Kodak for a formation?

Answer 20

Nonce formation, a word that somebody invents for a particular purpose

Question 21

Sellotape, Frisbee, Band-aid?

Answer 21

Propietary name

Question 22

Definition of Eponym

Answer 22

The name of a person, wheather real or fictious, which has given rise to the name of a particular place, object era, dicovery or other item.