Morphology and Lexicology

Question 1

Word classes

Answer 1

Words that display formal properties, Closed Class, Open Class, Content Word and Function Word.

Question 2

Nouns

Answer 2

A name, person, place, thing, quality, or action e.g. bridge.

Question 3

Verbs

Answer 3

The part of speech that expresses existence, action, or occurrence e.g. run

Question 4

Modal verbs

Answer 4

Verbs that convey necessity, possibility, obligation or probability. are, can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will and would

Question 5

Adjectives

Answer 5

A word that expresses an attribute of something e.g. red

Question 6

Adverbs

Answer 6

The part of speech that modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb. e.g. Very, Yesterday

Question 7

Prepositions

Answer 7

A word to indicate direction or position. e.g. under

Question 8

Pronouns

Answer 8

Substitutes for nouns and takes the place of subjects previously specified. e.g. he,she.

Question 9

Conjunctions

Answer 9

The part of speech that connects words, phrases, clauses, or sentences. e.g. And, after, before.

Question 10

Determiners

Answer 10

A word which expresses the grammatical categories of definiteness, number and possession. e.g. the, a, some.

Question 11

Interjections

Answer 11

Part of speech that expresses emotion. e.g. Argh!, Ugh!

Question 12

Function words

Answer 12

A word, such as a preposition, a conjunction, or an article, that has little semantic content of its own.

Question 13

Content words

Answer 13

A word, such as a noun, verb, or adjective, that has a state-able lexical meaning.

Question 14

Affixation

Answer 14

The result of adding an affix to a root word.

Question 15

Prefix

Answer 15

An affix that precedes the stem. e.g. “Un” in Un-happy.

Question 16

Suffix

Answer 16

An affix added to the end of a word or stem. e.g. -ing in walking, or -s in sits.

Question 17

Infix

Answer 17

An affix that is inserted inside the word. e.g. “Abso-Bleedin’-Lutely”

Question 18

Inflection

Answer 18

Alteration in pitch or tone of the voice.

Question 19

Derivation

Answer 19

A word formed from another, such as electricity from electric.

Question 20

Stem

Answer 20

The element that carries the main component of meaning in a word.

Question 21

Bound morphemes

Answer 21

A morpheme that occurs only as part of a larger word. eg an -s in run-s

Question 22

Free morphemes

Answer 22

A morpheme that can occur alone. e.g run.

Question 23

Suffixation

Answer 23

The process of adding a suffix to a word

Question 24

Blends

Answer 24

A word produced by combining parts of other words. e.g. smog from smoke and fog.

Question 25

Acronyms

Answer 25

A word formed from the initial letters of a name. e.g. ANZAC

Question 26

Initialisms

Answer 26

An abbreviation consisting of the first letter or letters of words in a phrase, syllables or components of a word (TNT for trinitrotoluene), or a combination of words and syllables.

Question 27

Shortenings

Answer 27

A shortened form of something, as a word. e.g. gym gymnasium.

Question 28

Compounding

Answer 28

A word that consists either of two or more elements that are independent words. e.g. sunglasses.

Question 29

Contractions

Answer 29

A shortened form of one or more words. e.g. won’t from will not.

Question 30

Collocations

Answer 30

An arrangement or juxtaposition of words or other elements, especially those that commonly co-occur. e.g. Dead serious.

Question 31

Neologisms

Answer 31

A newly coined word, or a phrase or familiar word used in a new sense.

Question 32

Juxtaposition

Answer 32

The state of being close together or side by side.