morphological plan of the lower limb

Question 1

Outline the skeleton of the lower limbs starting at the pelvis

Answer 1

pelvis, femur, fibula and tibia, tarsal bones (7), metatarsals (5) then phalanges (14)

Question 2

What movements can the hip joint do

Answer 2

flexion/extension
abduction/adduction
circumduction
medial/laterally rotate

Question 3

What movements can the knee joint do

Answer 3

flexion and extension

Question 4

What are the 4 regions the leg

Answer 4

gluteal region,
thigh region,
leg region,
foot

Question 5

What are the 3 compartments of the thigh and what does each contain

Answer 5

anterior- extenders of the leg
posterior- flexors of the leg
medial- adductors of the leg

Question 6

What are the 3 compartments of the leg

Answer 6

anterior- extensors of the leg
posterior- flexors of the leg
lateral- everters of the foot

Question 7

What are the 3 main gluteal muscles and what actions do they perform

Answer 7

gluteus maximus- extension/ lateral rotation of thigh
gluteus medius- abduction/ medial rotations of thigh
gluteus minimus- abduction/ medial rotation of thigh

Question 8

What is the piriformis muscle and what sits under it

Answer 8

It is the equivalent of rotator cuff muscle, stabilizes the hip, and the sciatic nerve sits underneath it

Question 9

What muscles are in the anterior compartment of the thigh

Answer 9

quadriceps, sartorius (from ant inf iliac spine to tibia)

Question 10

What 4 muscles compose the quadriceps

Answer 10

1) rectus femoris
2) vastus lateralis
3) vastus medialis
4) vastus intermedius
they all come together to form quadricep tendon which forms patellar ligament that inserts into the tibial tuberosity

Question 11

What nerve supplies the anterior compartment muscles

Answer 11

The femoral nerve