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Nelson - Growth, Development, and Behavior > More G&D > Flashcards

More G&D Flashcards

1
Q

Head sustained in plane of body on ventral suspension

A

2 months

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2
Q

Head above plane of body on ventral suspension

A

3 months

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3
Q

Cruises or walks holding on to furniture

A

10 months

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4
Q

Plays peek-a-boo

A

10 months

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5
Q

Waves bye-bye

A

10 months

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6
Q

Picks up pellet with assisted pincer movement

A

10 months

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7
Q

Picks up pellet with unassisted pincer grasp

A

12 months

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8
Q

Releases object to other person on request

A

12 months

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9
Q

Emergence of picky eating habits

A

2 years old

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10
Q

Birthweight quadruples by

A

2 1/2 years

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11
Q

An average 4 y/o weighs ___ and is ___ tall

A

40 lb, 40 in

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12
Q

HC will grow only an additional ___ between 3 and 18 yrs

A

5 cm

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13
Q

Language development occurs most rapidly between

A

2 and 5 yrs

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14
Q

As a rule of thumb, between 2 and 5 yrs, number of words in a typical sentence is

A

Equals the child’s age e.g. 2 by age 2, 3 by age 3

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15
Q

By ___, most children are using possessives, progressives, questions, and negatives

A

21 mo to 2 years

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16
Q

By ___, most children can count to 4

A

4 years

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17
Q

By ___, most children use the past tense

A

4 years

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18
Q

By ___, most children can use the future tense

A

5 years

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19
Q

Reflex onset: Palmar grasp

A

28 weeks

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20
Q

Reflex onset: Rooting

A

32 weeks

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21
Q

Reflex onset: Moro

A

28-32 weeks

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22
Q

Reflex onset: Tonic neck

A

35 weeks

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23
Q

Reflex onset: Parachute

A

7-8 months

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24
Q

Reflex fully developed: Palmar grasp

A

32 weeks

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25
Q

Reflex fully developed: Rooting

A

36 weeks

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26
Q

Reflex fully developed: Moro

A

37 weeks

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27
Q

Reflex fully developed: Tonic neck

A

1 mo

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28
Q

Reflex fully developed: Parachute

A

10-11 mo

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29
Q

Reflex duration: Palmar grasp

A

2-3 mo

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30
Q

Reflex duration: Rooting

A

Less prominent after 1 mo

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31
Q

Reflex duration: Moro

A

5-6 mo

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32
Q

Reflex duration: Tonic neck

A

6-7 mo

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33
Q

Reflex duration: Parachute

A

Remains throughout life

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34
Q

An asymmetric moro reflex may signify

A

Fractured clavicle, brachial plexus injury, or hemiparesis

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35
Q

T/F Absence of a Moro reflex in a term NB is ominous, suggesting significant CNS dysfunction

A

T

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36
Q

T/F Obligatory tonic neck response by which the infant remains locked in the fencer’s position is always abnormal

A

T

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37
Q

The parachute reflex appears before what motor ability

A

Walking

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38
Q

T/F Normally arm span is almost equal to standing height

A

T

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39
Q

Head is disproportionately large at birth and ratio of head height to total height is approx

A

1:4

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40
Q

At skeletal maturity, ratio of head height to total height is approx

A

1:7.5

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41
Q

Lower extremity accounts for about ___% of height at birth and ___% of height at skeletal maturity

A

15, 30

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42
Q

By age ___ birth height usually doubles

A

5 yrs

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43
Q

By age ___ child is approximately 60% of adult height

A

5 yrs

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44
Q

By age ___ child is approximately 80% of adult height

A

9 yrs

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45
Q

T/F Bone age is more important than chronological age in determining future growth potential

A

T

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46
Q

Adult kinematic patterns in gait start developing by age ___ and the time-distance parameters reach adult values by age ___ with development of fully mature gait pattern

A

3,7

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47
Q

T/F Early walking is NOT associated with advanced development in other domains

A

T

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48
Q

Most children walk with mature gait and run steadily before the end of

A

3rd year

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49
Q

SMR stage, pubic hair, female: Preadol

A

1

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50
Q

SMR stage, pubic hair, female: Lightly pigmented

A

2

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51
Q

SMR stage, pubic hair, female: Straight

A

2

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52
Q

SMR stage, pubic hair, female: Begin to curl

A

3

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53
Q

SMR stage, pubic hair, female: Curly

A

4

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54
Q

SMR stage, pubic hair, female: Adult pattern

A

5

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55
Q

SMR stage, pubic hair, male: Resembles adult type

A

4

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56
Q

SMR stage, breasts: Breast and papilla elevated forming a small mound

A

2

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57
Q

SMR stage, breasts: Increased diameter of areola

A

2

58
Q

SMR stage, breasts: Breast and areola enlarged

A

3

59
Q

SMR stage, breasts: No contour separation

A

3

60
Q

SMR stage, breasts: Areola and papilla form a secondary mound

A

4

61
Q

SMR stage, breasts: Nipple projects

A

5

62
Q

SMR stage, breasts: Areola part of general breast contour

A

5

63
Q

SMR stage, penis: Minimal change/enlargement

A

2

64
Q

SMR stage, penis: Lengthens

A

3

65
Q

SMR stage, penis: Glans and breadth increase

A

4

66
Q

SMR stage, penis: Adult size

A

5

67
Q

SMR stage, testes: Enlarged scrotum

A

2

68
Q

SMR stage, testes: Scrotal texture unaltered

A

2

69
Q

SMR stage, testes: Dark scrotum

A

4

70
Q

SMR stage, testes: Adult size

A

5

71
Q

Hallmark of SMR 2, females

A

Appearance of breast buds

72
Q

First visible sign of puberty, females

A

Appearance of breast buds

73
Q

Normal thelarche

A

8-12 y

74
Q

Menarche is typically when (in relation to thelarche, age range; SMR)

A

2 1/2 years after thelarche; 9-16; 3-4

75
Q

First visible sign of puberty, males ___, followed by ___

A

Scrotal enlargement (SMR 2), penile growth (SMR 3)

76
Q

Peak growth of testes occurs when volumes reach

A

9-10cm3 during SMR 4

77
Q

Lower testis

A

Left

78
Q

Some degree of breast hypertrophy occurs in 40-65% of boys during SMR ___ and are typically ___ (uni- vs bilateral)

A

2-3, bilateral

79
Q

Gynecomastia that requires a workup in boys

A

Presenting later in puberty, prepubertal period, in the absence of signs of pubertal development

80
Q

Peak growth velocities during adolescence are not reached until SMR ___

A

3-4

81
Q

Growth spurt: Boys typically begin ___ relative to girls, peak ___, and continue until ___

A

At a later SMR, 2-3 years later than girls, 2-3 years after girls have stopped

82
Q

T/F Asymmetric growth spurt begins where

A

Distally with enlargement of hands and feet

83
Q

Age: Early adolescence

A

11-14yrs

84
Q

Age: Middle adolescence

A

15-17yrs

85
Q

Age: Late adolescence

A

18-21yrs

86
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Early puberty

A

Early

87
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Mid-late puberty in females

A

Middle

88
Q

Early, middle, late adol: End of puberty in males

A

Late

89
Q

Early, middle, late adol: End of growth spurt in females

A

Middle

90
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Development of female body shape with fat deposition

A

Middle

91
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Mid-puberty in males

A

Middle

92
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Spermarche

A

Middle

93
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Nocturnal emissions

A

Middle

94
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Continued increase in muscle bulk and body hair in males

A

Late

95
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Voice breaks in males

A

Middle

96
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Menarche

A

Middle

97
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Concrete thinking

A

Early

98
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Abstract thinking

A

Middle

99
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Complex abstract thinking

A

Late

100
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Early moral concepts

A

Early

101
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Self seen as “bullet proof”

A

Middle

102
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Identification of difference between law and morality

A

Late

103
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Sexual orientation/sexual identity development

A

Early

104
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Possible HOMOsexual peer interest

A

Early

105
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Growing verbal abilities

A

Middle

106
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Identification of law with morality

A

Middle

107
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Increased impulse control

A

Late

108
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Further identity development

A

Late

109
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Reassessment of body image

A

Early

110
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Start fervent ideology (religious, political)

A

Middle

111
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Further development or rejection of religious and political ideology

A

Late

112
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Emotional separation from parents

A

Early

113
Q

Early, middle, late adol: START of strong peer identification

A

Early

114
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Strong peer identification

A

Middle

115
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Increased health risk (smoking, alcohol, etc)

A

Middle

116
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Development of social autonomy

A

Late

117
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Intimate relationships

A

Late

118
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Early exploratory behaviors (smoking, violence)

A

Early

119
Q

Early, middle, late adol: HETEROsexual peer interest

A

Middle

120
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Early vocational plans

A

Middle

121
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Development of vocational capability

A

Late

122
Q

Early, middle, late adol: Financial independence

A

Late

123
Q

Approx weight in kg: 3-12 mos

A

(Age in mo + 9) / 2

124
Q

Approx weight in kg: 1-6 yrs

A

Age in yr x 2 + 8

125
Q

Approx weight in kg: 7-12 yrs

A

[(Age in yr x 7) - 5] / 2

126
Q

Approx height in cm: At 1 yr

A

75

127
Q

Approx height in cm: At 2-12 yrs

A

Age in yr x 6 + 77

128
Q

Lower segment is measured from

A

Symphysis pubis to floor

129
Q

Upper segment is

A

Height minus lower segment

130
Q

U/L at birth

A

1.7

131
Q

U/L at 3 yrs

A

1.3

132
Q

U/L after 7 yrs

A

1

133
Q

T/F Skeletal maturation is linked more closely to SMR than to chronological age

A

T

134
Q

Initial mineralization begins at what trimester

A

2nd

135
Q

Mineralization of teeth continues through ___ for primary (deciduous) teeth and ___ for permanent teeth

A

3 yrs, 25 yrs

136
Q

Mineralization begins at what portion of the teeth

A

Crown to root

137
Q

Exfoliation begins at about ___ and continues through ___

A

6 yrs, 12 yrs

138
Q

T/F Timing of dental development has a good correlation with other processes of growth and maturation

A

F, poor correlation

139
Q

Delayed eruption is usually considered when

A

No teeth by approx 13 months (mean + 3 SD)

140
Q

Common causes of delayed eruption of teeth

A

Hypothyroid, hypoparathyroid, familial, idiopathic (MOST COMMON)

141
Q

Causes of early exfoliation

A

Histiocytosis X, cyclic neutropenia, leukemia, trauma, idiopathic

142
Q

A discrete line of pitting on the enamel suggests

A

Time-limited insult

Nelson - Growth, Development, and Behavior (4 decks)

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