More Basics Flashcards
What are the time-dependent antibiotics with short PAE for gram-positive bacteria?
Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Erythromycin, Clindamycin
What are the time-dependent antibiotics with long PAE?
Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Tetracyclines
What are the concentration-dependent antibiotics with long PAE?
Metronidazole, Fluoroquinolones
Which antibiotics require renal adjustments?
Penicillins
1st gen cephalosporins (cephalexin, cefadroxil)
Clarithromycin
Metronidazole (if hemodialysis)
Tetracycline
Fluoroquinolones
Which antibiotics require hepatic adjustments?
Erythromycin (use with caution)
Clarithromycin (use with caution)
Clindamycin (monitor liver enzymes in severe failure)
Metronidazole (dose adjustment)
Minocycline (use with caution due to nephrotoxicity)
Which antibiotics are bactericidal?
Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Metronidazole
Which antibiotics are bacteriostatic?
Macrolides, Tetracyclines
Which antibiotics are both -cidal and -static inherently?
Clindamycin, Fluoroquinolones
Which antibiotics treat MRSA?
Clindamycin, Minocycline, Doxycycline
Which antibiotics can aggravate myasthenia gravis?
Macrolides (especially erythromycin), Fluoroquinolones
Which antibiotics are associated with photosensitivity?
Tetracyclines, Fluoroquinolones
Which antibiotics are excreted in urine?
Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Tetracyclines, Fluoroquinolones
What are the other excretions for Macrolides?
Feces, bile, urine
What are the other excretions for Clindamycin?
Feces, bile, urine
What are the other excretions for Metronidazole?
Feces and urine
