antibiotic resistance Flashcards
1
Q
what are the 6 things that can occur when using antibiotics
A
- ABs aids the host defenses to gain control and eliminate the infection
- precipitate an adverse reaction
- initiate a superinfection w resistant bacteria
- promote microbial chromosomal mutations to resistance
- encourage resistance gene transfer to susceptible species
- promote the expression of dormant resistance genes
2
Q
which organisms are considered urgent threats
A
- clostridium difficile
- carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE)
- carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter
- candida auris
- drug-resistant neisseria gonorrhoeae
3
Q
which organisms are considered serious threats:
A
- Drug-resistant Campylobacter
- Drug-resistant Candida
- ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae
- Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE)
- Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Drug-resistant nontyphoidal Salmonella
- Drug-resistant Salmonella serotype Typhi
- Drug-resistant Shigella
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
- Drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Drug-resistant Tuberculosis
4
Q
5 mechanisms that ABs work by
A
- inhibition of cell wall synthesis
- alteration in cell membrane permeability
- inhibition of ribosomal protein synthesis
- suppression of nucleic acid (DNA) synthesis
- inhibition of folic acid synthesis
5
Q
which ABs work by inhibiting cell wall synthesis
A
B lactams (amoxicillin, penicillin)
glycopeptides (vancomycin)
6
Q
which ABs work by causing alterations in cell membrane permeability
A
polymyxins
7
Q
which ABs work by inhibiting ribosomal protein synthesis
A
- macrolides
- lincosamides
- tetracyclines
- aminoglycosides
- amphenicols
- streptogramins
- oxazolidinones
- glycylclines
- pleuromutilin
8
Q
which ABs work by suppressing DNA synthesis
A
- metronidazole
- fluoroquinolones
9
Q
which ABs work by inhibiting folic acid synthesis
A
- sulfonamides
- trimethoprim
10
Q
A
