Moray Flashcards
What does attention mean?
Cognitive process that enables us to select some info to concentrate on , whilst rejecting other info
As our brain bombarded info from all senses on a daily basis
= selective / focused attention
What is the conclusion of experiment 1?
Situation where participant direct attention to message in one ear and rejects other
Almost non verbal content of rejected message is able to penetrate attention block
Short list of words - not renamed even when you presented many times.
What was experiments 2 procedure conducted to find out?
Limits of efficiency of attention block
What was the independent variable of experiment 3
Whether digits were inserted in one
Or 2 messages
If had to recall digits or answers questions about shadowed message at end
What varied in experiment 3
Position number was placed in message and if they were relative to each other in the 2 messages varied
How does study explore selective attention?
See if unattended material can penetrate attention block when focusing listening on specific task
What is the procedure for experiment 3
- Shadow one of two simultaneous dichotic messages
- Some messages had digits towards end message either both of just one
- Other asked to recall as many digits as possible
Why did Moray manipulate instructions in experiment 3?
Test theory that participants would not recall unimportant details in message
Outline the apparatus used in Moray (1959) study into attention
2 marks
A (stereophonic) tape recorder (modified) with two amplifiers to give independent outputs going into either earpiece on a pair of headphones
Outline 1 weakness of using experimental method in this study of moray
2 marks
The method lacked ecological validity (1)
Because it is unrealistic to have two messages relayed in such a controlled way (1)
/ listening to two messages in ears
