Grant Et Al

Question 1

What is context dependant memory?

Answer 1

Improved recall of specific info when the context present of encoding (learning ST) and retrieval (testing LT) is the same

Question 2

What are the names of the two people that grant based his study on?

Answer 2

Godden and budderly

Question 3

What is the aim of the experiment?

Answer 3

Test effect of noise as a context when studying and retrieving meaning material in academic context. (tests)

Question 4

What is the conclusion for the experiment?

Answer 4

Context dependent memory effects newly learnt material/info in recall (short ans) and recognition (mc)
Used to be Able to assess learning

Same context when studying and testing = increase performance
Enhanced performance in recall through relevant cues

Question 5

How does the study link to the key theme?

Answer 5

Newly learnt material/info in matched condition of recall and retrieving is better

Shows memory is context dependant rather than reconstructive.

See individual differences testing memory in different conditions

Question 6

How did the study have high internal validity? (evaluation)

Answer 6

Tested individually

Number of experimental controls to ensure there was no extraneous or confounding variables

Question 7

What is the type of sample used and what are the problems? (evaluation)

Answer 7

Opportunity sample - 8 experimenters recruited 5 participants

Cost and time effective but …
Bias limit generalisability of finding, participant may fail to represent target pop

Question 8

Explain one way the procedure of Grant et al into memory increased the reliability of the research?

3 marks

Answer 8

Standardisation was used (1)

Where experiments used same article of psychoimunlogy (1)

to ensure that what participants had to learn was not a extrenous variable affecting recall (1)

Question 9

Outline 2 conclusions drawn from Grant et al study

4 marks

Answer 9

. There are context-dependency effects for newly learned meaningful material regardless of whether a short-answer test or a multiple-choice test is used to assess learning.

• Studying and testing in the same environment leads to enhanced performance in recall through access to relevant cues.

Question 10

Explain how Grant et al study into context dependent memory can be considered useful
3 marks

Answer 10

The concept that if an individual is asked to recall information in the same situation as it was first received,
their memory can be enhanced

and this is useful as it leads to individuals remembering information more accurately (1).

Grant et al.’s study showed that studying and testing in the same environment can lead to enhanced performance, particularly if the learning and recall are both effected in silent conditions (1])

This could be very useful for both teachers and students who could do their best to learn and study in quiet environments as, when under examination conditions they will be asked to recall what they have learned in silence (1)