Moraxella catarrhalis & Acinetobacter baumanii

Question 1

Moraxella catarrhalis

Answer 1

Moraxella catarrhalis

• Moraxella catarrhalis
• **Gram negative diplococcus **
• Reservoir: Upper resp. tract normal flora
• Transmission: Respiratory droplets
• Diseases:
  
  • Otitis media
  • Sinusitis
  • _Bronchitis and pneumonia (in elderly pts with COPD) *_

Question 2

Moraxella catarrhalis treatment

Answer 2

Moraxella catarrhalis

Treatment: *

• Drug resistance is a problem – many strains produce Beta-lactamase
• Amoxicillin + clavulanate
• Cephalosporin (2nd/3rd generation)
• TMP-SMX (Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole)

Question 3

Acinetobacter

Answer 3

Acinetobacter (not a part of any group of diseases, along with Moraxella catarrhalis)

• Acinetobacter baumannii
• Gram negative coccobacillus
• Reservoir: soil, water
• Nosocomial pathogen: hospitalized pts at risk are those :
  
  • In ICUs
  • on ventilators
  • with invasive devices (urinary catheters)
• Transmission:
  
  • person-to-person
  • Contact with contaminated surfaces
• Important diseases:
  
  • Pneumonia (ventilator associated pneumonia)
  • _Wound infections (high incidence in army personnel injured in Iraq and Afghanistan) *_
• Multidrug resistant *