Diarrhea

Question 1

Invasive diarrhea- causes

Answer 1

Invasive diarrhea- causes

• BACTERIAL
  
  • Shigella*
  • Slamonella*
  • Campylobacter*
  • Yersinia*
  • E.Coli (EHEC 0157:H7)*
  • C. difficle
• PROTOZOAL
  
  • E.hystolytica*
  • Stongyloides

Question 2

Secretory diarrhea causes

Answer 2

Secretory diarrhea

Causes:

• Laxatives:
• **Enterotoxin Production******: **
  
  • _Vibrio cholerae***_
  • _Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)****_
    
    • 60% cases of traveler’s diarrhea
• Increased serotonin:
  
  • _Carcinoid syndrome _

Question 3

Norwalk virus

Answer 3

Norwalk virus (diarrhea causing virus)

Norwalk virus

• Most common cause of _adult gastroenteritis*_
• Patients present with vomiting and diarrhea
• Common infection on cruise ships
• Fecal oral transmission
• Causes secretory diarrhea.
• Treatment: supportive

Question 4

Rotavirus

Answer 4

Rotavirus (organisms causing diarrhea)

Rotavirus

• Most common cause of _childhood diarrhea*_
• Usually occurs in _winter months*_
• Transmitted by fecal oral route
• Infects small intestine mucosa and produces, Watery, non-bloody diarrhea
• Secretory diarrhea,

Rotazyme test on stool

• establishes diagnosis

Rotavirus vaccine highly effective in prevention

Treatment: oral hydration