Morality Quiz 9/4-9/11 Flashcards
Cardinal Virtues
“Hinge” Virtues around which all other virtues are centered.
What are the Cardinal Virtues?
Prudence, Temperance, Justice, & Fortitude.
What is Justice?
Giving another their due.
What is Fortitude?
Firmness in the face of adversity.
What is Prudence?
Discerning our true good and how to pursue it.
What is Temperance?
Moderates the use of created goods.
What is a Virtue?
A habitual and firm disposition to do the good.
Theological Virtue
Virtue given through the grace by God that allows man to participate in the Divine Nature. (God’s own life).
What is Grace?
God’s life in us.
What are the Theological Virtues?
Faith, Hope, & Charity
What is Faith?
Belief (conviction) in God and His self-revelation.
What is Hope?
Trust (in action) in the ultimate Goodness of God.
Charity
Loving God above all things and our neighbor for the love of God.
Intellectual Virtues
Virtues which to help us know what is good.
What are the Intellectual Virtues?
Understanding, Science, Art, & Prudence.
What is Understanding?
The habit of comprehending things.
What is Science?
Habit of reasoning from fundamental principles.
What is Art?
The ability to have right reasoning about things in a way that an artist or musician might.
What is Prudence? (As an Intellectual Virtue)
The reason about getting things done.
Good
That which enables or is in accord with something’s Telos (end).
Evil
Lack of a good that is proper to an object’s (a thing’s perfection)
Sin
An offense against reason and truth, failure in genuine love for God and neighbor.
Venial Sin
Actions that weaken our ability to choose God.
Mortal Sin
Actions that rupture of relationship with God.
Conditions for a Mortal Sin
- Grave Matter
- Know it’s wrong
- Choose to do it anyway
Conscience
The inner drive toward what is right and good.
Vincible Ignorance
Lack of knowledge for which a person is morally responsible for.
Invincible Ignorance
Lack of knowledge for which a person is NOT morally responsible.
Principle of the Double Effect
Teaches that one may preform a good action even if it is foreseen that a bed effect will arise.
Criteria for the Double Effect
1) Action must be good or natural
2) Must intend the good effect
3) Good action must come before bad effect
4) Good effect must be greater or equal proportion to the bad effect.
5) There must be no other options.
