Morality

Question 1

What is Morality?

Answer 1

Obligatory concern for others welfare, rights, fairness and emotions. As well as reasoning, judgement, emotions and actions that spring from those concerns.

Question 2

What is Moral Conviction?

Answer 2

Absolute belief that something is right or wrong, moral or immoral.

Question 3

Name a learning theory linked to morality.

Answer 3

Bobo doll experiment.

Question 4

What is a limitation of the Bobo Doll experiment for morality?

Answer 4

It suggests morality is a learned behaviour. Studies have shown babies as young as 6 months show preference for kind puppets over mean ones.

Question 5

What is the Ventral-Medial Pre-Frontal Cortex responsible for?

Answer 5

Social emotions, self-control and abstract thought.

Question 6

Describe Non-Zero Sum Interactions.

Answer 6

I invest some, you invest some.

Question 7

What is The Fundamental Social Dilemma Theory?

Answer 7

Society is marked by a conflict of interests as well as identity of interests.

Question 8

What brain regions are apart of the Default Mode Network?

Answer 8

Amygdala
Hippocampus
Medial Pre-Frontal Cortex
Posterior Cingulate Cortex

Question 9

What does VMPFC stand for?

Answer 9

Ventral Medial Pre-Frontal Cortex

Question 10

What did Reiners et al (2013) study show?

Answer 10

Greater activity in theory of mind, empathy and default mode network when considering moral vs non-moral dilemmas

Question 11

What is The Moral Self Popout Effect?

Answer 11

Where people identify moral words faster than non-moral words

Question 12

What is the Observer Effect?

Answer 12

When being observed by others, people are more likely to behave pro-socially.

Question 13

What brain regions are associated with Inequity Aversion?

Answer 13

Ventral-Medial Pre-Frontal Cortex and Striatum.

Question 14

What did the Public Goods Game show?

Answer 14

People are often conditioned cooperators, they give how they expect others will give.

Question 15

What reward-related brain regions are involved in co-operation?

Answer 15

Orbitofrontal Cortex
Ventral Tegmental Area
Ventral & Dorsal Striatum

Question 16

What is the Striatum responsible for?

Answer 16

Plays a crucial role in motor control, reward and cognitive processes, and habit formation.

Question 17

How is deception detected using fMRI?

Answer 17

Deception is detected by identifying brain activities patterns associated with lying, primarily involving the prefrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex.

Question 18

What are the advanced EEG methods used in neuroscience?

Answer 18

Advanced EEG methods include source localisation, event-related potentials (ERPs) and high-density EEG.

Question 19

What is the Global Workspace Theory of Consciousness

Answer 19

The global workspace theory suggests that consciousness involves the integration of information from various parts of the brain into a cohesive experience.

Question 20

Describe Utilitarian Processing

Answer 20

Cognitive calculation of outcomes - uses controlled processing regions.

Question 21

Describe Deontological Processing

Answer 21

Affective reaction to harm - uses emotional processing region

Question 22

Areas of the brain responsible for Utilitarian Processing?

Answer 22

Dorsal Lateral Pre-Frontal Cortex, Inferior Parietal Lobes and Temporparietal Junction

Question 23

Areas of the brain responsible for Deontological Processing?

Answer 23

Ventral Medial Pre-frontal Cortex, Posterior Cingulate and Amygdala