Moral Development Flashcards
According to Piaget, during this stage, children in this stage of moral development have very limited understanding of rules and moral behavior. It from birth to 5 years of age.
Premoral stage
According to Piaget, during this stage, children in this stage of moral development believe rules are made by authorities and cannot be changed. When judging behaviors that have negative consequences, they base their judgments primarily on the consequences of the behavior. This lasts from roughly age 5 to 10 years of age.
Heteronomous stage
According to Piaget, during this stage, children in this stage of moral development believe that rules are determined by agreement between people and can be changed by agreement. When judging behaviors that have negative consequences, they base their judgments primarily on the actor’s intentions. This lasts from about age 10 onward.
Autonomous stage
According to Kohlberg, the two stages of this level of morality are (a) the punishment and obedience stage, during which the acceptability of a behavior depends on whether or not the behavior leads to punishment, and (b) the instrumental hedonism stage, during which the acceptability of a behavior depends on whether or not it leads to rewards or satisfies the person’s needs.
Level 1: preconventional morality
According to Kohlberg, the two stages of this level are (a) the “good boy/good girl” stage, during which the acceptability of a behavior depends on whether or not it is socially approved of or liked by others, and (b) the law and order orientation stage, during which the acceptability of a behavior depends on whether or not it violates laws and rules that have been established by legitimate authorities.
Level 2: Conventional Morality
According to Kohlberg, the two stages of this level of morality are (a) the morality of contract, individual rights, and democratically accepted laws, during which the acceptability of a behavior is whether or not it’s consistent with democratically chosen laws, and (b) the morality of individual principles of conscience, during which the acceptability of a behavior is whether or not it’s consistent with broad, universally applicable general principles (e.g., justice, fairness).
Level 3: Postconventional Morality
Kohlberg proposed that stages of morality are universal and always occur in the same order and are related to the person’s levels of _____ & _____
cognitive development and social perspective-taking.
