Moral Agency TH5 Flashcards
refers to the ability of individuals to make ethical decisions and to be held accountable for those decisions
Moral Agency
is defined by the presence or absence of virtues such as integrity, courage, fortitude, honesty and loyalty. These virtues are essential for individuals to function effectively in society.
Moral Character
Does a person with good moral character mean they are a good person and a good citizen with a sound moral compass?
Yes.
Is there a gray area between having moral virtue and moral vices?
Yes.
Habitual practice of moral and intellectual excellences, or virtues does not lead to human flourishing
False.
Refer to the usual ways of behaving and feeling that are seen as inherent qualities that a person possesses.
Dispositions
A good moral character is practically a disposition to do virtuous acts while a bad moral character is a disposition to do vicious deeds
True.
Lawrence Kohlberg’s sic stages of moral development
- Obedience and Punishment Orientation
- Individualism and Exchange
- Good Interpersonal Relationships
- Maintaining the Social Order
- Social Contract and Individual Rights
- Universal Principles
Role of Emotions
Feelings as Instinctive Response
Feelings as obstacles
Feelings as aid in decision-making
The belief that ethics are subjective and can vary from person to person is known as:
Ethical Subjectivism
This theory sees moral judgements as expressions of how we feel or what we believe should be done, rather than statements of facts
Emotivism
This notion emphasizes that moral judgement are influenced by personal beliefs and feelings rather than universal truths
Ethical Subjectivism
Moral statements represent individual feelings and are not about objective truths
Emotivism
Individuals may rely on feelings to navigate complex moral situations, understanding that emotions can inform their sense of right and wrong
Feelings as Instinctive Response
Emotions can cloud judgement, leading individuals to make decisions based on feelings rather than rational considerations
Feelings as Obstacles
While feelings can sometimes obstruct moral reasoning, they can also guide individuals toward making ethical choices when aligned with careful consideration of moral principles
Feelings as Aid in Decision-making
This stage focuses on following rules to avoid punishment. Moral decisions are made based on the consequences of actions
Obedience and Punishment Orientation
This stage, individuals recognize that there is not just one right view, but that different individuals can have different perspectives. This is often self-centered approach to morality
Individualism and Exchange
Individuals strive to live up to the expectations of others. Being “good” means having good motives and being nice
Good Interpersonal Relationships
Individuals focus on obeying laws and fulfilling their duties to maintain societal order
Maintaining the Social Order
Individuals at this stage understand that laws are social contracts that must be upheld but can be changed if they become unjust. They value individual rights and the greater good.
Social contract and individual rights
At this highest stage, moral reasoning is based on abstract reasoning using universal ethical principles. Laws are only valid if they are grounded in justice
Universal Principles
