Moods Flashcards

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1
Q

Explain The Indikativ/Indicative mood.

A

Used for describing reality:

things that have actually happened, are happening or are expected to happen.

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2
Q

Conjugate kaufen (to buy) in the Indikativ/Indicative mood.

A

Indikativ

  • ich kaufe
  • du kaufst
  • er kauft
  • wir kaufen
  • ihr kauft
  • sie kaufen
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3
Q

What is the the Konjunktiv I mood used for?

A

It’s used for reported speech (without quotation marks) in a relatively formal setting: According to a witness, the robbers escaped in a blue van.

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4
Q

Conjugate kaufen (to buy) in the Konjunktiv I mood

A

Konjunktiv I

  • ich kaufe
  • du kaufest
  • er kaufe
  • wir kaufen
  • ihr kaufet
  • sie kaufen

notice that this is virtually the same as the present tense. Exception is the 3rd person singular

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5
Q

What is the Konjunktiv II mood used for?

A

It’s used to express wishes, desires, speculation, conditionality, and other “unreal” conditions, and it usually translates in English with words like were, would, or could:

If I were rich, I would buy it.

Wenn ich reich wäre, würde ich es kaufen.

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6
Q

How is the Konjunktiv II formed for weak verbs?

A

The Konjunktiv II mood is the same as the indicative präteritum for weak verbs

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7
Q

Conjugate kaufen (to buy) in the Konjunktiv II mood

A

Konjunktiv II

  • ich kautfe
  • du kauftest
  • er kaufte
  • wir kauften
  • ihr kauftet
  • sie kauften
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8
Q

How is the Konjunktiv II formed for non-weak verbs?

A

it’s the simple past stem with an added umlaut and those same –e endings from the Konjunktiv I.

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9
Q

Conjugate sein (to be) in the Konjunktiv II mood.

A

Konjunktiv II

  • ich wäre
  • du wärest
  • er wäre
  • wir wären
  • ihr wäret
  • sie wären
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10
Q

Conjugate haben (to have) in the Konjunktiv II mood.

A

Konjunktiv II

  • ich hätte
  • du hättest
  • er hätte
  • wir hätten
  • ihr hättet
  • sie hätten
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11
Q

Conjugate werden (would) in the Konjunktiv II mood.

A

Konjunktiv II

  • ich würde
  • du würdest
  • er würde
  • wir würden
  • ihr würdet
  • sie würden
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12
Q

Explain the Imperative mood.

A

The imperative mood is used for commands and instructions. It can only occur in the second person.

i.e. du (informal singular), ihr (informal plural), and Sie (formal singular & plural).

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13
Q

How is the du form of the imperative mood constructed?

A

The du form is just the present tense du form without the st ending.

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14
Q

Translate “Give me that!”

A

Gib mir das!

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15
Q

How is the ihr form of the imperative mood constructed?

A

The ihr form is identical to the present tense.

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16
Q

Translate “Be good, kids.”

A

Seid brav, Kinder.

17
Q

How is the Sie form of the imperative mood constructed?

A

The Sie form is also the same as the present tense, but the Sie is included after the verb.

18
Q

Translate “Please be patient” (polite form)

A

Seien Sie bitte geduldig!