Mood disorders Flashcards
most common illnesses on the planet
anxiety and depression
Bio/psycho/social/spiritual model
Model for holistic care
All intimately connected
Spiritual- all-encompassing
bio- what it is doing, symptoms, physical representation
Psychologically- understand them, thoughts
social- how connected to the world, support systems, and social interaction feeding into disorder
DSM-5
- came out in
-mostly used for
-diagnosis follows 3 criteria
-2013
- classification of mental illnesses for diagnostic purposes
1. certain amount of symptoms key to that illness (challenge)
2. time frame these symptoms have been present
3. level of dysfunction or failure to participate in life symptoms cause
Emotions (6)
-short discreet
-contextually based
-physiological psychological
-easily manipulated
-quick response to what is going on
-adaptive and maladaptive
Feelings
-cognitive processing/interpretation that created the emotional state
-understanding the signals in our body
moods
- get stuck with emotions
- emotion is no longer attached to something
- no more context
- long-term and not going away
- all the same signals
- healthy and unhealthy (grief)
- an untethered emotional state that shows up everywhere where it doesn’t make sense.
Euthymic
- appropriate for the context
- what you would expect
Mania (5)
- heightened expansive mood
- very top near euphoria
- chaotic
- serves no purpose
- causes massive destruction in someone’s life
Major depressive disorder symptoms (9)
depressed mood
decreased interest or pleasure
significant weight loss
insomnia/hypersomnia
psychomotor retardation or agitation
fatigue/loss of energy
worthlessness/inappropriate guilt
diminished ability to think or concentrate
recurrent thoughts of death/suicide
MDD symptomes to
separate from an emotional state of being depressed
In order to be diagnosed with MDD
Need to have at least these two
1- depressed mood
2- decreased interest or pleasure
up to 3 or 4 of the rest of the symptoms
time frame
- 2 weeks for the day or most of the day
For MDD symptoms must
-cause
- cant
cause significant impairment in function
cant be because of other meds or conditions, rule out other factors
Post partum depression results from
rhythms and cycles
hormone changes
seasonal affective disorder
amount of sunlight you receive
repetitive in seasons
doesn’t always work the same for everyone
Bipolar disorder
-Mania or hypomania for at least 1 week and present most of the day, nearly every day
-3 or more of the following symptoms that represent a noticeable change from usual behavior
- cyclical (rare that its diagnosis it is its own thing)
- cycling through different emotional states with no connection to what’s happening
- mania shorter time frame
Bipolar disorder symptoms
-high self-esteem
-little need for sleep
-increased rate of speech (talking fast)
- flight of ideas
- getting easily distracted
- an increased interest in goals or activities
- psychomotor agitation (pacing, hand writing)
- increased pursuit of activities with a high risk of danger.
Bipolar 1
- meets
- cant be
meets diagnostic criteria for severe depressive disorder and mania
long term, cant be diagnosed in one visit it is historical
bipolar 2
- meets MDD but never higher than hypomania
cyclomania
never hit MDD or mania just hypomania
All types of bipolar disorders happen
-without
-realy long
without context
really long period of time to diagnose
Anxiety definition
-A vague feeling of dread and apprehension in response to internal or external stimuli
-have behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and physiological symptoms
A traumatic event involves
a single experience or enduring repeated or multiple experiences, that completely overwhelm the individual’s ability to cope or integrate the ideas and emotions involved in that experience
trauma is not about _______ it is about _______
what happened, their response to it
Stress definition
the wear and tear that life causes in the body
General adaptation syndrome
Stage 1: alarm- fight/flight/freeze, Symp.
Stage 2: resistance- work to get through stressful situations, creates tension, can build or reach a breaking point
stage 3- exhaustion
GAD
anxiety about everything
Panic disorder
anxiety goes to physiological panic, body shuts down, resp system in distress
Phobias
- most common
- definition
- social and agoraphobia most common
- fear of something that its a translation of another fear that you can manage, never about the thing there because of unregulated fear.
OCD
Break the stigma
obsessed= sole focus of your existence
no way to separate from that context
compulsion= behavior that you need to do, do it until you reach some level of satisfaction, none of it ever goes away.
Adjustment disorder
Children struggling to adjust
stress, feeling sad or hopeless
Dissociative disorder
- used to be called
- stems from
- brain
- sometimes
used to be multiple personality disorder
stems from severe trauma
the brain doesn’t know how to cope with it and shuts down your personality and creates a new one that doesn’t have to deal with the trauma
sometimes no understanding of it
anxiety disorder treatment (5)
meds
ECT- severe depressive disorders
talk therapies
light therapy
transcranial magnetic stimulation
Meds (3)
antidepressants: (3) affects
mood stabilizers (2)
Anxiolytics ( 2)
Antidepressants: SSRI, Tricyclic, Atypical
- affect serotonin, NE, dopamine (mostly)
Mood stabilizers: Lithium, anticonvulsants
Anxiolytics: Benzodiazepines, certain antidepressants
Talk therapy examples
CBT
Exposure Therapy
Adaptive disclosure (modded CBT)
Grounding techniques
Mindfulness
Positive reframing
Decatastrophizing
Assertiveness training
Desensitization (systematic or flooding)- used for phobias
Interpersonal therapy
Mental wellness assessment (5)
- self-esteem
- emotional regulation (really impacted in mood disorders)
- positive support networks
- resiliency (really impacted in mood disorders)
- spirituality
Sections of the MSE
1- Appearance
2- behavior
3- cooperation
4- speech
5- mood
6- affect
7- thought process
8- thought content
9- insight
10- judgment
Risk Assessment
Self care: patient is not able to care for self or others
suicide
homicide
