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BNKN Mental Health WB > Mood Disorders > Flashcards

Mood Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Depression: key causative factors (Biopsychological model)

A

genes and gene- environment interaction
neurochemicals, hormones, circadian rhythms and immune system
sex difference

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2
Q

Bipolar disorder: key causative factors (Biopsychological model)

A

neurochemicals
hormone system
circadian rhythms

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3
Q

Define: Affect

A

observable mood (subjective)

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4
Q

Define: Mood

A

how the patient feels (objective)

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5
Q

Define: Egocentric

A

the patients thoughts of themselves

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6
Q

Define: Euthymic

A

typical mood range

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7
Q

Define: Elation

A

great happiness or exhilaration

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8
Q

Define: Dysthymic

A

lowered mood that is chronic

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9
Q

Define: labile

A

rapidly changing emotional state

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10
Q

Define: impulsivity

A

behavioural acts based on feelings and lack of fore thought

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11
Q

Define: somatisation

A

manifestation of psychological distress in the form of physical symptoms

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12
Q

Define: pressure of speech

A

rapid and often loud speech

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13
Q

Define: Anhedonia

A

loss of interest in usually pleasurable activities

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14
Q

Define: psycho-motor retardation

A

slowing up of usually fluid physical movement

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15
Q

DSM 5 criteria for major depression (five or more of the symptoms for the same two week period)

A
  • depressed mood
  • loss of interest
  • significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain
  • insomnia or hypersomnia
  • psychomotor agitation or retardation
  • fatigue or loss of energy
  • feelings of worthlessness or guilt
  • indecisiveness or difficulty concentrating
  • recurrent thought of death
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16
Q

DSM 5 criteria for a manic disorder

A

A- persistent and abnormal elevated expansive or irritable mood
B- increases activity, energy
1. inflected self esteem or grandiosity
2. decreased need for sleep
3. pressure of speech
4. flight of ideas or racing thoughts
5. distractibility
6. increased goal directed activity
7. excessive involvement in pleasurable activities.
C- mood disturbance causes marked impairment to social or occupational functioning
D- the episode is not due to a substance or medical condition

17
Q

what should be included in a risk analysis plan for suicide?

A 
category of risk
detail of historical risk information
health related factors
environmental factors
planned intent
staff allocation
strengths
barriers
specific risk
18
Q

what are the stable, dynamis and protective risk factors associated with suicide risk?

A

stable- age, gende, marital status, history, family history of suicide, childhood adversity, employment difficulties
dynamic- mental state, isolation, recent loss, recent experience of suicide in the family/ friends, adversity to stress, access to means
protective- help seeking behaviour, strong social supports, engage with services, stable employment no substance use.

19
Q

what are some questions you would ask someone you suspect or know is experiencing suicidal ideation

A

do you have a plan?
do have have access to the plan?
does you whanau know you have a plan?

20
Q

Depressive disorder- major depressive disorder

A
  • a condition involving seriously depressed mood and other symptoms which affect all body systems and interfere significantly with a person’s ability to carry out their activities of daily living
21
Q

Depressive disorder- dysthymic disorder

A
  • chronically depressed mood for most of the day, more days than not, for at least two years
22
Q

DSM 5 criteria for Dysthymia

A
  1. depressed mood for most of the day during a 2 year period (1 year for children and adolescents), presence of depressed mood
  2. symptoms cause clinically significant distress in social, occupation and other important. areas of functioning
  3. presence of two or more of the following
    - decrease or increase in appetite
    - insomnia or hypersomnia
    - anhedonia
    - poor concentration or difficulty making decisions
    - feelings of hopelessness and despair
    the symptoms are not related to a major depressive episode, a bipolar disorder, a psychotic disorder, the psychological effects of a substance, or general medical condition
23
Q

Depression observable changes: behaviour

A

social and emotional withdrawal, less effective in areas of work and family relations, substance abuse

24
Q

Depression observable changes: cognitive

A

becomes increasingly egocentric, thoughts become negative, difficulty concentrating, indecisiveness, self-deprecating beliefs and negative ruminations, thoughts of death and suicide

25
Q

Depression observable changes: communication

A

don’t initiate conversation, latency and poverty of response

26
Q

Depression observable changes: mood changes

A

mood lower than usual, feelings of sadness and hopelessness, may cry a lot. the observable behaviours associated with changes in a person’s mood are referred to as affect

27
Q

Depression alterations in physical functioning

A
  • sleep disturbances
  • fatigue
  • appetite changes
  • sexual desire diminishes
  • psychomotor retardation
  • somatization
28
Q

Nursing considerations: depression

A
  • risk management ( assess risk to self)
  • establishing a therapeutic relationship
  • physical health needs
  • education
  • structuring the day
29
Q

Bipolar disorder

A
  • bipolar type 1 disorder- marked symptoms of mania with at least 1 episode of depression
  • bipolar type 2 disorder - recurrent bouts of major depression with episodic occurance of hypomania
30
Q

Cyclothymic disorder

A
  • chronic mood disturbance of at least two years or more involving numerous periods with hypomanic and depressive symptoms that do not meet the criteria of mania or MDE
31
Q

Mania Observable changes : behavioural changes

A

increased activity, distractible, and impulsive, sexual disinhibited, spending large amounts of money, starting up ill-advised business ventures

32
Q

Mania Observable changes: Cognitive changes

A

racing thoughts, speech is rapid and pressured, conversation expansive and difficult to disengage from , intolerant of criticism and becomes irritable and argumentative

33
Q

Mania Observable changes: mood changes

A

elevated or high irritable mood, rapidly changing intense emotion (labile)

34
Q

Mania Observable changes: physical symptoms of mania

A

reduced need for sleep, increased energy, increased appetite

35
Q

Treating BPAD

A
  • medication (lithium, anticonvulsant medication)
  • psychotherapy
  • self-management
36
Q

Nursing considerations: mania

A
  • risk to self r/t impulsivity
  • risk to other r/t agitation/irritability
  • gender safety risk r/t disinhibition
  • risk of AWOL r/t limited insight
  • risk of dehydration r/t inadequate fluid intake
  • risk of exhaustion r/t disturbed sleep pattern
  • risk to self, others, medication, low stimulus environment
37
Q

physical health needs - mania

A
  • sleep
  • food and fluids
  • ADL’S
  • elimination
38
Q

managing behaviour- mania

A
  • stay calm
  • avoid getting into protracted arguments
  • low stimulus environment
  • PRN medication
    education and support- once mood is stabilised
  • illness- symptoms management and early warning signs
  • treatment options- medication, therapy
  • support groups
    family and friend support and education

BNKN Mental Health WB (15 decks)

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