mood disorder and anxiety Flashcards
What is the prevalence rate of bipolar disorder?
4%
Is it more or less common than major depression?
major depression
What are the symptoms of Bipolar disorder and mania?
elevated happiness or anxiety, reckless (buying expensive gifts for everyone), talkative, could be more goal driven, irritable
Bipolar 1
Bipolar 1: The main characteristic
of bipolar I is the presence of
mania. These are mood episodes
that last for at least one week and
cause an elevated, often irritable
mood. (They have a mania)
Bipolar 2
Bipolar 2: The main characteristic
of bipolar II is that causes episodes
of hypomania and at least one
depressive episode. (more low-lows, but not reaching complete mania.)
Which psychological disorder is among the most genetically influenced of all mental disorders?
Bipolar Depression
What’s the difference between biological therapies and psychological treatments?
Biological Therapies:
* Approaches that
attempt to correct for
some type of
malfunction in a bodily
process
* Examples: SSRI, ECT
Psychological Therapies
(Talk Therapies):
* Approaches that attempt
to identify problems with
emotions, thoughts, and
behavior, and provide
solutions
* Examples: Cognitive
Behavioral Therapy,
Humanistic Therapy
What treatments are available and effective for unipolar and bipolar depression?
Medications that increase the availability of serotonin
* Mania is treated with mood stabilizers (Lithium; Anticonvulsant drugs)
* Benefits of combining both anti depressant drugs and talk
therapy approaches
* Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a procedure, in which small
electric currents are passed through the brain, intentionally
triggering a brief seizure
What non-drug treatments are used for depression?
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a
procedure, in which small electric currents are passed through the brain, intentionally triggering a brief seizure. Only used as last resort
Is therapy effective?
yes
Hippocampus known for?
memory
Frontal Lobe
Cognitive thinking/complex thinking
Limbic structures
emotions
hypothalamus
sleep, eating, automatic functions
cerebellum
balance
When is Electro-Convulsive Treatment used to treat depression?
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a procedure, in which small
electric currents are passed through the brain, intentionally
triggering a brief seizure
LAST RESORT
What are the main symptoms of anxiety?
A mental health disorder
characterized by feelings of
worry, anxiety, or fear that are
strong enough to interfere with
one’s daily activities
What are the symptoms of a phobia?
A marked fear of or anxiety
about a particular object or
situation.
* May have significant impact on
the life of a person when they
develop elaborate strategies to
avoid the phobic object
What is social anxiety disorder?
An anxiety disorder
characterized by extreme fear of
being watched, evaluated, and
judged by others
* Typically emerges in childhood or
adolescence and places a person
at increased risk for depression
and substance abuse
What is panic disorder and agoraphobia?
-An anxiety disorder characterized by
the occurrence of unexpected panic
attacks
-People with panic disorder sometimes
develop a profound fear of having an
attack, especially in public places
* A fear of being in situations in which help might not be available or escape might be difficult or embarrassing (they need safe places)
What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder?
An anxiety disorder
characterized by continuous,
pervasive, and difficult-to-control anxiety, Cognitive symptoms:
Feelings of inadequacy,
difficulty in concentrating
and decision making, sleep
disturbances.
What are the symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?
Manifests itself through obsessions (unwanted and disturbing
thoughts) and compulsions (ritualistic actions performed to
control the obsessions)
