Month 8 Flashcards
junkyard
a place to which people take large things such as old furniture or machines that they no longer want
gesundheit
said to someone after they sneeze
knit
to make clothes, etc. by using two long needles to connect wool or another type of thread into joined rows
soak
to make something very wet, or (of liquid) to be absorbed in large amounts
embark
to go onto a ship
contend
to compete in order to win something
contention
the disagreement that results from opposing arguments
assumption
something that you accept as true without question or proof
terrain
an area of land, when considering its natural features
be not on
to not be acceptable: It’s just not on to change the date of the meeting so late
compound
a chemical that combines two or more elements
devastate
to destroy a place or thing completely or cause great damage
novel
a long printed story about imaginary characters and events
stun
to shock or surprise someone very much
leap v.
to make a large jump or sudden movement, usually from one place to another
leap n.
a big change, increase, or improvement
reckon
to think or believe
junction
a place where things, especially roads or railways, come together
outing
a short journey made by a group of people, usually for pleasure or education
regain
to take or get possession of something again
conceal
to prevent something from being seen or known about
ancestor
a person related to you who lived a long time ago
denounce
to criticize something or someone strongly and publicly
fall back on something
to use money you kept because you need it: Do you have money to fall back on if you lose your job?
explicitly or implicitly
insuperable obstacle
gradually
slowly over a period of time or a distance
disposable
A disposable product is intended to be thrown away after use
cluttered
untidy, not organized, and covered with a lot of things
crude
simple and not skilfully done or made
recount1
to describe how something happened, or to tell a story
stark
empty, simple, or obvious, especially without decoration or anything that is not necessary
high-profile
attracting a lot of attention and interest from the public and newspapers, television, etc.
fleet
a group of ships, or all of the ships in a country’s navy
distort
to change the shape of something so that it looks strange or unnatural
premise
an idea or theory on which a statement or action is based
expenditure
the total amount of money that a government or person spends
fine n.
an amount of money that has to be paid as a punishment for not obeying a rule or law
fine v.
to charge someone an amount of money as a punishment for not obeying a rule or law
flee
to escape by running away, especially because of danger or fear
amusing
entertaining and funny:
constituency
one of the official areas of a country that elects someone to represent it in a parliament or legislature
stem n.
a central part of something from which other parts can develop or grow, or which forms a support
stem v.
to stop something unwanted from spreading or increasing
coastal
positioned on, or relating to the coast
imagery
the use of words or pictures in books, films, paintings, etc. to describe ideas or situations
midst
the middle of a group of people or things
residue
the part that is left after the main part has gone or been taken away, or a substance that remains after a chemical process such as evaporation
sack
a large bag made of strong cloth, paper, or plastic, used to store large amounts of something
strip
long narrow piece
strive
to try very hard to do something or to make something happen, especially for a long time or against difficulties
plead
to make an urgent, emotional statement or request for something
equation
a mathematical statement in which you show that two amounts are equal using mathematical symbols
depart
to go away or leave, especially on a journey
consensus
a generally accepted opinion or decision among a group of people
bias
the action of supporting or opposing a particular person or thing in an unfair way, because of allowing personal opinions to influence your judgment
be above something
1 to be so important that you needn’t do particular things: She thinks she’s above doing housework. 2 to be so good that no one can think you did something wrong: He’s
above suspicion
ballot
a system or occasion of secret voting
immune
protected against a particular disease by particular substances in the blood
literacy
the ability to read and write
originate
to come from a particular place, time, situation, etc.
attribute v.
to say or think that something is the result of a particular thing
attribute n.
a quality or characteristic that someone or something has
convey
to express a thought, feeling, or idea so that it is understood by other people
get in touch (with someone)
to phone, email, etc. someone: I’ll get in touch with you when I know the exact date
pit
a large hole in the ground, or a slightly low area in any surface
merit
the quality of being good and deserving praise
deteriorate
to become worse
contempt
a strong feeling of disliking and having no respect for someone or something
breed v.
to keep animals for the purpose of producing young animals in a controlled way
breed n.
a particular type of animal or plant
arbitrary
based on chance rather than being planned or based on reason
amid
in the middle of or surrounded by
councillor
an elected member of a local government
counselling
the job or process of listening to someone and giving that person advice about their problems
counsellor
someone who is trained to listen to people and give them advice about their problems
enforce
to make people obey a law, or to make a particular situation happen or be accepted
enforcement
the process of making people obey a law or rule, or making a particular situation happen or be accepted
sole
being one only; single
line-up
to arrange people or things in a row or to stand in a row
electoral
relating to an election
articulate
able to express thoughts and feelings easily and clearly, or showing this quality
disrupt
to prevent something, especially a system, process, or event, from continuing as usual or as expected
ignorance
lack of knowledge, understanding, or information about something
specimen
something shown or examined as an example; a typical example
span v.
to exist or continue for a particular length of time
span n.
the period of time that something exists or happens
encompass
to include different types of things
concession
something that is allowed or given up, often in order to end a disagreement, or the act of allowing or giving this
bid n.
an offer of a particular amount of money for something that is for sale
bid v.
to offer a particular amount of money for something that is for sale and compete against other people to buy it, especially at a public sale of goods or property
assertion
a statement that you strongly believe is true
assert
to behave in a way that expresses your confidence, importance, or power and earns you respect from others
asset
a useful or valuable quality, skill, or person
