Monophasic Dosage Forms Flashcards
Drugs
Potent chemical substances that must be formulated into a drug product before use
Dosage
Matrix in which the drug is found in
Stabilizers
- Antioxidant- ascorbic acid, sodium metabisuphite, EDTA
Diluents
Bulk forming agents. Eg lactose.
Colourants
Red- fruit flavours( Strawberry and cherry)
Yellow- Lemon
Purple- black currant, grape
Sweetening agents
- Nutritive
2 Non- nutritive
Nutritive sweetners
- Sugar- lactose, glucose etc
- Sugar alcohohs- ĺSor6bitol
- Corn syrups
Non nutitive
High intensity artificial - Saccharine, aspartame, sucralose.
Natural intense sweetners- thaumatin , gycyrrhizin
Sugar-free products
- Don’t contain sucrose, fructose, glucose, etc
- May contain hydrogenated glucose syrups( maltitol, xylitol, sorbitol, etc)
Gargles
To treat throat infections
Gargles
Have instruction = to be diluted before ise
Mouth washes
Similar to garggles, bit may be used for mouthwashes
Throat pant
Used for both mouth and throat infections
Glycerin
Normally used as a base because of its viscosity and sweet taste.
Adheres to mucous for a long time
Nasal drops
Oily ones can cause lipoidal pneumonia
Liniment
They are fluid, semi-fluid, or occasionally semisolid preparations for skin applications
Liniment
Maybe alcoholic, oily solutions, or emulsions
Liniment
Maybe applied on a warm dressing with brush
Liniments
Must not be applied to broken skin
Lotions
Applied without friction.
Lotion
Maybe dabbed on the skin or applied on a suitable dressing and covered with waterproof material to reduce evaporation
Enemas
Oily or aqueous solutions for rectal administration
Collodions- applied externally with brush or rod
Vehicle used = alcholoh and ether
Very volatile
Collodions
Vehicle evaporates leaving a protective film on the body
Collodions
Pyroxylin( nitrocellulose) - film producing agent
Castor oil - flexibility
Collodions
Un medicated ones - for protecting small cuts and abrasions
Medicated ones - long contact with skin.
Advantages of monophasic dosage forms
- Improved patient compliance because they are easy to administer
- Faster drug absorption
- Easy to take a dose because they are homogeneous; hence, no shaking required.
- Simple and relatively faster to formulate.
Disadvantages
- Microbial growth because of water
- May undergo hydrolysis and become unstable
