monomers, polymers, reactions and elements

Question 1

define monomer

Answer 1

smaller units that join together to form larger molecules

Question 2

give some examples of a monomer

Answer 2

• monosaccharides: glucose, fructose, galactose, ribose
• amino acids
• nucleotides

Question 3

define polymer

Answer 3

molecules formed when many monomers join together

Question 4

give some examples of a polymer

Answer 4

• polysaccharides: starch, glycogen, cellulose
• proteins
• DNA / RNA

Question 5

what happens in a condensation reaction?

Answer 5

a chemical bond forms between 2 molecules and a molecule of water is produced

Question 6

what happens in a hydrolysis reaction? give examples

Answer 6

a water molecule is used to break a chemical bond between 2 molecules
- peptide bond in proteins
- ester bond between fatty acids
- glycerol in lipids

Question 7

name the elements found in carbohydrates

Answer 7

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 8

name the elements found in lipids

Answer 8

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 9

name the elements found in proteins

Answer 9

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur

Question 10

name the elements found in nucleic acids

Answer 10

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorous