Monkeypox and Anthrax

Question 1

A double –stranded DNA that belongs to a family
of virus that causes the smallpox.

Answer 1

MONKEYPOX (MPOX)

Question 2

has been eradicated around the
world; Edward Jenner discovered the vaccine in 1796

Answer 2

Smallpox

Question 3

MONKEYPOX (MPOX)
FAMILY:
GENUS:

Answer 3

FAMILY:
Poxviridae
GENUS:
Orthopox virus

Question 4

MONKEYPOX (MPOX) OUTBREAK STARTED WHEN AND WHERE:

Answer 4

2022, outside of Africa

Question 5

MONKEYPOX (MPOX) INCUBATION PERIOD:

Answer 5

3-17 days

Question 6

MONKEYPOX (MPOX) MOT:

Answer 6

• ANIMAL TO HUMAN - hunting, skinning and
  cooking animals (insufficiently cooked)
• HUMAN TO HUMAN – direct contact (especially
  sexual intercourse among men with men)
• CONTAMINATED sheets, clothes, needles

Question 7

9 MPOX S/SX

Answer 7

Starts with flu like symptoms
1. Fever and chills
2. Sore throat
3. Cough
4. Nasal Puffiness / Congestion
5. Myalgia (body aches/pain)
6. Headache
7. Lymphadenopathy
8. Rash - appears 1-4 days later after flu-like
symptoms (initially itchy pimple or blister—
then becomes a scab)
9. Anergia / Exhaustion or tiredness

Question 8

MPOX RARE s/sx

Answer 8

1. Rectal pain and swelling
2. Dysuria
3. Skin lesions on palms and soles, face,
   mouth, throat, groin, genital areas, and
   anus

Question 9

MPOX DIAGNOSTIC TEST:

Answer 9

RT-PCR test: nasal swabbing / throat swabbing

Question 10

MPOX DOC:

Answer 10

Antiviral drugs – during the symptomatic stage
(lessen s/sx)
1. Tecovirimat
2. Cidofovir
3. Brincidofovir

Question 11

MPOX VACCINE:

Answer 11

JYNNEOS: prevention for smallpox and monkeypox

Question 12

MPOX VACCINE:

Age:
Dosage:
Route:
Alternative: __Route: __
Number of Doses:
Interval:

Answer 12

Age: 18 years old and above
Dosage: 0.5 ml
Route: SQ
Alternative: 0.1ml Route: ID
Number of Doses: 2 doses
Interval: 4 weeks apart

Question 13

MPOX VACCINE:

WHEN DO YOU GET THE VACCINE TOO?

Answer 13

• Exposure to mpox case
• Had sex with a case in the past 2 weeks
• A gay, bisexual, transgender, non-binary or a
  man who had sex with another man for the
  past 6 months and was diagnosed to have
  chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis
• Multiple sex partners

Question 14

ANTHRAX Recent case:

Answer 14

November 2023 in Zambia

Question 15

What disease?

• Spore forming; strong bacilli
• Use as a biological warfare
• September 2001: after twin towers attack, mail
  letters was sent to some senators and media
  companies with bacillus anthracis. 5 people died
  and 17 people was hospitalized.

Answer 15

ANTHRAX

Question 16

ANTHRAX CA:

Answer 16

Bacillus Anthracis
(aerobic / O2 loving bacteria, encapsulated, nonmotile,
non-hemolytic gram negative, sporeforming)

Question 17

ANTHRAX

INCUBATION PERIOD:

Answer 17

1-7 days

Question 18

ANTHRAX TYPES:

Answer 18

1. Inhalation Anthrax – inhalation / breathing in of anthrax spores
2. Gastrointestinal Anthrax – eating / drinking
   contaminated food (raw or undercooked) and water with spores
3. Cutaneous Anthrax – touching spores with a cut or scrape in skin
4. Injection Anthrax – heroin – injecting drug
   users

Question 19

ANTHRAX MOT:

Answer 19

• Contact with infected animals or contaminated
  animal products (drumheads, wool clothing)
• Inhalation/breathing in of anthrax spores among
  wool mill workers, slaughterhouses, tanniers
• Eating/drinking contaminated food (raw or
  undercooked) and water with spores
• Touching spores with a cut or scrape in skin
• Heroin – injecting drug users

Question 20

A. Cutaneous Anthrax 2 s/sx:

Answer 20

1. Itchy small blisters or lumps
2. Painless sore on face, neck, arms, with black
   center

Question 21

B. Inhalation Anthrax 8 s/sx:

Answer 21

1. Fever and chills
2. Heavy sweats
3. Chest pain / Shortness of Breath
4. Confusion / Dizziness
5. Nausea and vomiting
6. Headache
7. Myalgia
8. Extreme tiredness / Exhaustion

Question 22

C. Gastrointestinal Anthrax 8 s/sx:

Answer 22

1. Fever and chills
2. Lymphadenopathy
3. Sore throat, Hoarseness of voice,
   Odynophagia
4. Nausea and vomiting
5. Hematemesis (vomitus with blood)
6. Diarrhea
7. Headache
8. Syncope (fainting)

Question 23

D. Injection Anthrax 3 s/sx:

Answer 23

1. Swelling at injection site
2. Erythema (reddish discoloration)
3. Excessive bruising

Question 24

ANTHRAX DOC:

Answer 24

First line agents: Fluoroquinolones (7-10 days)
1. Ciprofloxacin
2. Moxifloxacin
3. Levofloxacin

Question 25

DOC

ANTHRAX Other Antibiotics:

Answer 25

Other Antibiotics:
1. Doxycycline
2. Penicillin
3. Clindamycin

Question 26

Name of Vaccine for Anthrax?

Answer 26

ANTHRAX VACCINE

Question 27

ANTHRAX VACCINE

Dosage:
Route:
THREE DOSES:
BOOSTER DOSES: __ ml via IM at __ months after last dose then__ later and __ later

Answer 27

Dosage: 0.5 ml
Route: IM
THREE DOSES: 0, 1 month, 6 months – not
considered protected (booster doses needed)
BOOSTER DOSES: 0.5 ml IM at 6 months after last
dose then 12 months later and 1 year later

Question 28

ANTHRAX VACCINE

Approved by FDA for

Answer 28

adults 18 – 65 y/o

Question 29

Given to

Answer 29

• Given to lab workers who work with bacillus
  anthracis
• Given to people handling infected animals or their carcasses
• Given military personnel

Question 30

Not given to?

Answer 30

Not given to travelers as prophylaxis