Monitoring Flashcards
Aims of monitoring
Provide appropriate depth for procedure
Maintain normal physiological function
Advantages of IV catheters
Reduced risk of extra vascular inj.
Rapid IV access in emergency
Rapid deepening of anaesthesia if top up req.
Admin of IVFT
Disadvantages of IV catheters
Vascular damage -
Haematoma or thrombosis
Infection
What does ECG monitor
Heart rhythm, not output
Methods for assessing HR & rhythm
Auscultation
Palpation of apex best
Palpation of superficial arteries
ECG
Methods for assessing pulse quality & BP
Indirect BP - Peripheral artery palpation Oscillometry w/pneumatic cuff Doppler Direct BP - Intra-arterial catheter attached to transducer
Delayed CRT May be due to…
Hypotension
Vasoconstriction
Bright pink MM…
Hypercapnia
White MM…
Hypotension
Haemorrhage
Methods for monitoring tissue perfusion
BP
CRT
O2 / HGB sat.
Appearance of blood at sx site (bright / dark red)
Discrepancy between core & peripheral temps
Urine output via catheter
Name 8 cranial nerve reflexes
Palpebral Eye position Pupillary diameter Corneal Jaw tone Tongue curl Salivation - profuse if too light Lacrimation - dry if too deep
RR ranges of dog & cat under GA
Dog: ~8-30
Cat: ~20-30
Name 4 autonomic responses
HR
BP
CRT
Pupillary diameter
Methods of measuring body temp
Rectally
Core - thermistor probe in oesophagus
Peripheral - extremities
What should be monitored re. Resp function
RR & pattern
Extent of bag inflation/deflation
