Monitor II Flashcards

1
Q

What range is temperature regulation lost?

A

74-82 oF

(24-28 oC)

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2
Q

Conductor

A

Objects that have low resistance

Example: metal

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3
Q

Capacitor

A

stores energy

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4
Q

Conductance

A

G

(siemens)

= 1/R

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5
Q

Current

A

Amps

(I)

amount of charge

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6
Q

Ohm’s Law

A

V = I/R

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7
Q

Insulators

A

substances with high resistance

Example: glass, porcelain, plastics, dry wood

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8
Q

Dry skin

A

high resistance and poor conductor

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9
Q

Resistance of electrode paste vs. implanted cardiac electrode

A

500 vs 10

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10
Q

Fibrillation threshold in Macroshock

A

75-100 mA

(for 1 second applicaiton)

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11
Q

macroshock

A
  • intact skin
  • application of shock to exterior skin
  • large amount of current
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12
Q

Microshock

A
  • applied to myocardium
  • can happen through pacemaker wires
  • very small amounts of current
  • fibrillation threshold 50uA
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13
Q

Macroshock Thresholds

A
  • 1mA - perception
  • 10mA - “Let Go”
  • 100-300mA - V-fib
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14
Q

Microshock Thresholds

A
  • 10 uA - maximum allowable
  • 100uA - v-fib
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15
Q

Factors of dangerous electrical currents

A

path

current

frequncy (worse between 50-60Hz)

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16
Q

LIM

A

Line Isolation Monitors

17
Q

GFI

A

Ground Fault Interrupters

(reset button in area with water)

18
Q

Max leakage allowed in OR equipment

A

10 uA

19
Q

Capacitance

A

ability of a charge to induce an equal but opposite charge in nearby conductors

20
Q

Line Isolation Transformer

A

no direct connection to ground

each device is grounded on its own

21
Q

Ground Fault Interrupter

A
  • required in wet locations
  • monitors outflow and return of current
  • disconnects circuit if a flow imbalance occurs
22
Q

Fetal oxygen sensor wavelengths

A

735 and 890 nm

23
Q

Warning Signs of Fetal Compromise

A
  • contractions > 90sec
  • relaxation between contracions < 60sec
  • resting uterine tone above 20 mmHg
  • peak pressure of contractions above 90 mmHg
    • (except during labor [2nd stage])
24
Q

Normal fetal heart rat

A

110-160 bpm

*If neonatal heart rate is bradycardic (like 60bpm), start chest compressions

25
Q

At what time is the fetal heart rate controlled by the PNS?

A

after 26 weeks

26
Q

Abnormal bradycardia in newborns

A

< 100 bpm

27
Q

abnormal tachycardia in newborns

A

> 180 bpm

28
Q

normal beat-to-beat- variability

A

5-25 bpm

29
Q

what pH represents spontaneous acceleration?

A

7.25

30
Q

Early decelerations

A
  • Good
  • caused by head compressions
  • pattern is symmetrical with uterine contractions
31
Q

Late Decelerations

A
  • repetitive (3+
  • more ominous when associated with minimal variability
  • may indicate fetal hypoxia and acidosis
    • ph < 7.25
32
Q

Treatmet for late Decelerations

A
  • LUD
  • stop oxytocin
  • increase IV fluids
  • 100% oxygen
33
Q

Normal Fetal scalp blood gases

A
  • pH = 7.25-7.35
  • SO2 = 30% - 50%
  • PO2 = 18-22 mmHg
  • PCO2 = 40-50 mmHg
34
Q

APGAR

A

Appearance

Pulse

Grimace

Activity

Respiration

35
Q

Normal APGAR score

A

8-10