MONERA, PROTISTA, FUNGI Flashcards
1
Q
KINGDOM MONERA
(phyla)
AEC
A
Archaeabacteria
Eubacteria
Cyanobacteria
2
Q
KINGDOM PROTISTA
(phyla)
ECSRAU
A
Excavates
Chromalveolates
Stramenophiles
Rhizarians
Archaeaplastida
Unikonts
3
Q
Excavates
(class)
DPET
A
Diplomonads
Parabasalids
Euglenoids
Trypanosomes
4
Q
Alveolates
(order)
DAC
A
Dinoflagellates
Apicomplexans
Ciliates
5
Q
Stramenophiles
(class)
DBG
A
Diatoms
Brown Algae
Golden Algae
6
Q
Rhizarians
(class)
FA
A
Forams
Actinopods
7
Q
Archaeaplastida
(class)
RG
A
Red Algae
Green Algae
8
Q
Unikonts
(class)
A
PSM
CSL
C
A
Amoebozoa
Plasmodial Slime Molds
Cellular Slime Molds
Choanoflagellates
9
Q
KINGDOM FUNGI
(phyla)
CZGAB
A
Chytridiomycota
Zygomycota
Glomeromycota
Ascomycota
Basidiomycota
10
Q
Monera
- ___karyotes
- unicellular
- reproduction: asexual - _______
- cell wall is rigid: made up of peptidoglycan
- movement: _______
- autotrophic, parasitic, saprophytic
A
Kingdom Monera
- prokaryotes
- reproduction: binary fission
- movement: flagella
11
Q
____________
- live in extreme environments - ________philes
____________- microorganisms that thrive in very hot environment
____________- microorganisms that thrive in very cold environment
halophiles -microorganisms that thrive in high salt concentration environment
A
Archaeabacteria - extremophiles
thermophiles
psychrophiles
12
Q
- live in normal conditions
- cell wall is rigid: peptidoglycan
- movement: __________
- autotrophic, heterotrophic
A
Eubacteria
- movement: flagellated
13
Q
- photosynthetic
- chlorophyll, carotenoids, phycobilin
- aquatic
- autotrophic
A
Cyanobacteria
14
Q
- informal group
- unicellular
- eukaryotic
- autotrophic, heterotrophic
- colonial
- coenocytes
- multicellular
- pesudopodia, cilia, flagella
- aquatic, terrestrial
- sexua, asexual
A
Protista
15
Q
- unicellular
- deep excavated
- greatly modified mitochondria, semi- functional or none
- two or more flagella
- endosymbionts
A
Excavates
16
Q
- 1 or 2 nuclei
- no functional mitochondria
- no golgi complex
- 8 flagella
A
Diplomonads
17
Q
- anaerobic endosymbionts
- flagellated excavates mostly in animals
- trychonymphs - hundreds of flagella in termites, wood cockroaches
- trychomonads - STD in humans
A
Parabasalids
18
Q
- unicellular flagellates
- free- living, parasitic
- 9+2 arrangement
- single mitochondria - organized deposit of DNA - kinetoplastids
- colorless, parasitic, human pathogens
A
Euglenoids and
Trypanosomes
19
Q
- originated as a result of secondary endosymbionts - ancestral cell engulfed by red alga
- have small cavities under cell surfaces - alveoli
- photosynthetic, heterotrophic
A
Chromalveolates
20
Q
- ribosomal DNA sequence
- alveoli
A
Alveolates
21
Q
- unicellular, autotroph
- colonial
- alveoli: cellulose/ thecal plates
- 2 flagella
- endosymbionts - zooxanthellae
A
Dinoflagellates
22
Q
- unicellular parasites
- apical complex - penetrate hose cell
- alveoli: serve as structural function
- unpigmented remndant chloroplast from red alga
- lack organelle for locomotion
- moving function - xxxx
- Malaria
- produce sporozoites
A
Apicomplexans
23
Q
- cilia - locomotion and feeding
- alveoli: pellicle
- solitary in freshwater
- micronuclei - sexual gene shuffling - conjugation
- macronuclei
A
Ciliates
24
Q
- unicellular, colonial
- cell wall: two shells that overlap
- radial and bilateral symmetry
- asexual - mitosis
- common in freshwater but abundant in cool ocean
A
Diatoms
25
- largest and most complex
- filamentous, fleshy, tuff
- known as seaweed
Brown Algae
26
- unicellular biflagellates
- freshwater, marine
- few lack flagella: similar in amoebal appearance
- asexual - zoospores
- photosynthetic: gold, golden brown pigment
Golden Algae
27
- amoeboid cells - hard outer shells (tests), cytoplasmic extension projections
- "rhizarian" - thread-like cytoplasmic projection,
- "rhiza" - root
- bikonts
Rhizarians
28
- marine rhizarians
- cytoplasmic projection - sticky interconnected net to catch preys
- unicellular algal endosymbionts
- live in ocean floor and/or part of plankton
Forams
29
- axopods - long filamentous cytoplasmic projections
- radiolarians - secrete glassy shells made up of silica
Actinopods
30
- grouped based on molecular data and presence of chloroplast
- bikonts
Archaeaplastida
31
- multicellular
- not producing motile cells
- body: complex, interwoven filaments (delicate, feathery)
- sexual, asexual
- warm tropical areas
Red Algae
32
- chemically identical to those land plants
- photosynthetic
- cell wall: cellulose
- multicellular cells not differentiated into tissue
- produce flagellated cells, few nonmotile
- asexual, sexual
- aquatic, terrestrial
Green Algae
33
- common ancestor - unikonts
- single centriolee
- triple-gene fusion
Unikonts
34
- produce temporary cytoplasmic projectoins called pseudopodia (lobose)
- amoeba (change)
- pseudopodia - moving, engulfing
Amoebozoa
35
- plasmodium - feeding stage
- form a network of channels that covers a large surface areas
Plasmodial Slime Molds
36
- feed as individual amoeboid cells that behaves as separate solitary organism
- haploid nucleus
- reproduce - mitosis
- lc. lacks flagellate stage
Cellular Slime Molds
37
- closely related to animals
- freshwater, marine
- free-swimming, sessile
- single flagellum with collar
- resemble collar cells in sponges
Choanoflagellates
38
- some are mycorrhizal
- mycelium
- eukaryote
- heterotrophic, saprophytic
- cell walls: chitin
- unicellular - yeasts
- multicellular - molds
- sexual, asexual
- impt in trapping CO2 into the soil, preventing to come in atmosphere
Fungi
39
- earliest fungal to evolve
- small, relatively simple
- ponds, salt water, damp soils
- mostly decomposers and few are parasites
- unicellular
- thallus - body - contains rhizoids (slender extensions) that anchor to food source and absorb it
- only fungi that have flagellate cell and spores that bear single posterior flagellum
- have flagellated gametes
Chytridiomycota
40
- most are decomposers
- live in soil on decaying plant or animal matter
- symbiotic relationship with plant roots
- few cause dieases to animal, plants, humans
- hypahe - coenocytic
- sexual rep - prpdouce zygomycetes (zygospores) produce in spore sacs (zygosporangia)
Zygomycota
41
- hyphae: coenocytic
- asexual: large, multinuleate spores - blatospores
- symbionts to roots of most trees and herbaceous plants
- if a plant grown in phosphate *deficient soild, limited root system - mutualism
- if a plant grows in phosphate *rich soil, wll developed root system - parasitism
- mycrorrhizae - symbiont between hyphae of certaun fungi and root of plants
-
Glomeromycota
42
- sac fungi
- most yeasts impt in trapping CO2 into the soil, preventing to come in atmosphere - cause food to spoil
-
Ascomycota
43
- largest and most familiar fungi: mushrooms, bracket fungi, puffballs
- many are decomposers, few causes human disease
- asexual rep is less observed
- sexual rep: basidia - microscopic club-shaped comparable in funtion to the asci
Basidiomycota
