Microtaxonomy (Species Concept)

Question 1

study of species and their classification, evolution, population estimation, geographic variation, and recognition of polytypic species.

Answer 1

Microtaxonomy

Question 2

process by which a subgroup within a species becomes distinct and develops its own unique characteristics

Answer 2

Speciation

Question 3

Types of Speciation
(AS, SS)

Answer 3

Allopatric Speciation
Sympatric Speciation

Question 4

species splits into two separate groups due to geographical barriers

Answer 4

Allopatric Species

Question 5

Isolation occurs within the same geographical location without geographical barriers to breeding but is caused by other factors.

Answer 5

Sympatric Speciation

Question 6

Prezygotic Barriers
(BI, HI, TI, GB, MB)

Answer 6

Behavioral Isolation
Habitat Isolation
Temporal Isolation
Gametic Barrier
Mechanical Barrier

Question 7

species moves to a new _______ and no longer shares it with other populations of the same species.

Answer 7

Habitat Isolation
habitat

Question 8

different __________ that can lead to difficulty in attracting a mate.

Answer 8

Behavioral Isolation
behaviors

Question 9

occurs when two species have different breeding schedules

Answer 9

Temporal Isolation

Question 10

prevent fertilization from occurring due to differences in____________

Answer 10

Gametic Barrier
gamete cells

Question 11

two similar organisms may try to mate, but their reproductive anatomy does not align with each other

Answer 11

Mechanical Barrier

Question 12

Fertilization occurs but some factors still separate the two species.

Ex. Infertile

Answer 12

Postzygotic Barriers

Question 13

a species as a group of populations that can breed and produce offspring within their own group but cannot effectively mate with other groups

Answer 13

Biological Species Concept (BSC)

Question 14

Parts of BSC
(IC, RC)

Answer 14

Isolating Concept
Recognition Concept

Question 15

responsible for discontinuity between species.

Answer 15

Isolating Concept

Question 16

responsible for continuity within species.

Answer 16

Recognition Concept

Question 17

A species is considered ___________when it evolves as a distinct lineage of populations, separate from other species and with its own unique evolutionary characteristics and tendencies.

Answer 17

Evolutionary Species Concept (Simpson 1961)
evolutionary

Question 18

revised definition of the ________species concept states that a species is a single line of descent from ancestors to descendants

Answer 18

Evolutionary Species Concept (Wiley 1978)
Evolutionary

Question 19

originated by Occam and his followers, believes that species are just human-made names with no real existence in nature.

Answer 19

Nominalistic Species Concept

Question 20

It is also known as the essentialist species concept and recognizes species based on their essential natures or characteristics, which are expressed through their morphology.

Answer 20

Typological Species Concept

Question 21

A species is a group of organisms that have their own unique place in the environment and evolve differently from other groups.

Answer 21

Ecological Species Concept (Van Valen 1976)

Question 22

A species is defined by the competition between its own populations, rather than its competition with other species.

Answer 22

Ecological Species Concept (Colinvaux 1986)

Question 23

defines a species as a group of organisms that can be reliably distinguished from others based on their physical appearance.

Answer 23

Morphological Species Concept (Cronquist 1978)

Question 24

defines a species as a group of similar looking organisms that can be identified as unique based on their physical characteristics and given a specific name.

Answer 24

Morphological Species Concept (Regan 1926)

Question 25

“A species is a set of organisms that look similar to each other and distinct from other sets.”

Answer 25

Phenetic Species Concept (Ridley 1993)

Question 26

a species as a group of organisms that have a common ancestor and share a high degree of similarity in many physical traits.

Answer 26

Phylogenetic Species Concept

Question 27

Can be due to genetic differences, environmental influences or a combination of both.

Answer 27

Variation

Question 28

___________________collected specimens of finches from the different is lands of Galapagos.

Answer 28

Charles Darwin
Darwin’s Finches

Question 29

discovered that they were all from the same species and had evolved differently to suit the various types of food available on different islands (such as fruits, nuts, and insects).

Answer 29

Charles Darwin