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Plants > Monera > Flashcards

Monera Flashcards

1
Q

Who are the members of Kingdom Monera?

A

Bacteria is the sole member of kingdom monera

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2
Q

The cell wall of prokaryotes are made of?

A

The cell wall is made of peptidoglycans

peptide- amino acid—> NAM, NAG
glycans- carbohydrate—> glucose, galactose, mannose

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3
Q

Cell membrane of the prokaryotes are made of-

A

Lipoproteins

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4
Q

The space between the cell wall and the cell membrane of monerans is caked?

A

Periplasmic space where the digestion takes place and is analogous to Lysosome

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5
Q

What kind of cell organelles do they have?

A

Membraneless cell organelles

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6
Q

The nucleus of the the prokaryotes is known as-

A

Incipient nucleus
Genophore
Nucleoid
Fibrillar nucleus

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7
Q

Does the nucleus have nucleolus in prokaryotes?

A

No, prokaryotes lack nucleolus

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8
Q

Does prokaryotes have true chromosome or false chromosome? if either, explain its constituents.

A

Prokaryotes have false chromosome which is made up of
:
ds circular naked dna + non histone protein like polyamines. the false chromosome coils and forms the chromosomal region called nucleoid.

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9
Q

What kind of ribosome do prokaryotes have?

A

70s ribosomes

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10
Q

Who first observed Eubacteria?

A

Leeuwenhoek

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11
Q

What did Robert Koch price?

A

He proved that bacteria are the cause of diseases.

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12
Q

Examples of prokaryotes

A 
Eubacteria 
Archaebacteria 
Mycoplasma 
BGA
Actinomycetes 
Chlamydia 
Rickettsia
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13
Q

Koch Postulate is not applicable on?

A

Obligate parasite (Mycobacterium leprae)

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14
Q

Shapes of Bacteria

A

Cocci- Spherical
Bacillus- Rod
Spirilla- Spirrillum
Vibrio- Comma shaped

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15
Q

No flagella

A

Atrichous

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16
Q

One flagella at one end of the bacterium

A

Monotrichous

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17
Q

Single flagellum present on both ends

A

Amphitrichous

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18
Q

Bunch of flagellum on both ends

A

Lophotrichous

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19
Q

Bunch of flagella present on one end

A

Cephalotrichous

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20
Q

Flagella on the whole body

A

Peritrichous

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21
Q

Part of flagella

A

Basal body
Hook
Filament

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22
Q

Where is the basal body situated?

A

it lies in the cell wall and cell membrane

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23
Q

The outer pair of rings of basal body

A

L and P lying on the cell wall

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24
Q

Inner ring of basal body

A

Present on the cell membrane S and P

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25
Q

who has only one pair of rings?

A

Gram+ bacteria

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26
Q

The protein monomers of flagellum protein in prokaryotes and eukaryotes respectively and their arrangement

A

Prokaryotes- flagellin protein

Eukaryotes- tubulin protein arranger in 4+4 manner

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27
Q

F pili occurs in the female or male

A

Male bacteria

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28
Q

A bacteria is infectious. What kind of pili does it possess?

A

Short pili

29
Q

A non contractile protein is a monomer of what and give its name

A

Pilin is a non contractile protein monomer

30
Q

Do pili and flagella both play a role on motility?

A

No. Only flagella is resp for motility, not pili

31
Q

What kind of a glycocalyx does capsule and slime have?

A

Capsule- tough, smooth, thick

Slime- loose, rough, thin

32
Q

Formation of glycocalyx is done by?

A

Cell membrane

33
Q

What is capsule and slime made up of?

A

Capsule- polysaccharide and polypeptide

Slime- polysaccharide

34
Q

What does Lister form mean?

A

Listen form is a cell wall-less bacteria which is removed artificially by lysozyme.

35
Q

Function of Peripheral mesosome

A

Cell respiration and cell wall secretion

36
Q

Function of central mesosome

A

DNA duplication and cell division

37
Q

Reserve materials in prokaryotes are stored in?

A

Cytoplasm in the form of inclusion bodies

38
Q

Plasmids

A

Extrachromosomal or extra nuclear genetic material

Term given by Leaderberg

Plasmids can replicate independently

39
Q

Types of plasmid

A

• F-plasmid: on the presence of absence of F factor

  • F+ cells: containing f factor acts as a donor and are called male
  • F- cells: lacking F factor acts as recipient, female

• R factor: resistant to antibiotics

40
Q

Episome

A

F plasmid attached with the main DNA and this type of cell is jow as Hfr cell (High frequency recombinant cell)

41
Q

Staining of bacteria

A

Bacteria culture. Crystal Violet Soln and KI soln. Washed with acetone or ethylene alcohol. Stained: Gram +
not stained: Gram- which is stained by saffranine

42
Q

First photosynthetic bacteria

A

Eubacteria

43
Q

First oxygenic bacteria

A

BGA (cyanobacteria)

44
Q

Examples of photosynthetic bacteria

A
  1. Purple sulphur bacteria- eg Chromatium
  2. Green sulphur bacteria- eg Chlorobium and Thiotrix
  3. Purple non sulphur bacteria- Rhodospirillum and Rhodopseudomonas
45
Q

Nitrite bacteria

A

Chemosynthetic

converts ammonia to nitrite

Nitrosomonas
Nitrococcus

46
Q

Nitrate bacteria

A

converts nitrite to nitrate

Nitrobacter

47
Q

give an example of obligate saprotroph

A

Clostridium botulinum

48
Q

Facultative parasite

A

normally saprophytic but in absence of matter they become a parasite

Pseudomonas

49
Q

Obligate parasite

A

always parasitic

Mycobacterium leprae

50
Q

Facultative bacteria

A

Normally parasitic but sometimes saprotrophs

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

51
Q

Symbiotic bacteria

A

Converts atmospheric nitrogen to amino acid, NO3, salt or ammonia

Rhizobium

52
Q

Obligate aerobic

A

Azotobacter

53
Q

Facultative aerobic

A

Acetobacter aceti

Clostridium tetani

54
Q

Obligate anaerobic

A

Clostridium botulinum

55
Q

Facultative aerobic

A

Lactobacillus

56
Q

Endospore

A
  1. Endospore occurs under unfavourable condition.
  2. It is a highly resistant structure. it is resistant to high temp, radiation, antibiotics and chemicals.
  3. “reproduction without multiplication”
  4. highly resistant due to Ca-dipicolinate
  5. seen mostly in bacillus type bacteria’s
57
Q

Binary fission occurs under favourable or unfavourable condition?

A

Favourable condition

58
Q

Where was conjugation first discovered and by whom?

A

By Leaderberg and Tatum in E. Coli

59
Q

Tuberculosis

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

60
Q

Leprosy

A

Mycobacterium leprae

61
Q

Tetanus

A

Clostridium tetani

62
Q

Typhoid

A

Salmonella typhoid

63
Q

Cholera

A

Vibrio cholera

64
Q

Anthrax

A

Bacillus anthrasis (in animals)

65
Q

Bacterial leaf blight in rice

A

Xanthomonas oryzae (in plants)

66
Q

Crown y’all in many plants

A

agrobacterium tumefaciens

67
Q

Food poisoning

A

Clostridium botulinum.

Damages the parasympathetic nervous system.

68
Q

Water pollution

A

Salmonella typhoid

69
Q

Biological weapons

A

Anthrax causing
Botulism
Cholera causing bacteria

Plants (4 decks)

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