Monday - Contraceptives - Pearson

Question 1

Method effectiveness vs user effectivness

Answer 1

method - theoretical

user - actual

Question 2

Natural methods

Answer 2

don’t have sex

not ejaculation around ovulation - 5days prior or 3 days after ovulation

checking basal temperature

cervical mucous - ovulating when it’s abundant/egg white/watery

require a regular cycle

Question 3

When does ovulation happen in the menstrual cycle (normal)

Answer 3

14 days in 28 day cycle
day
day 18 in longer cycle

luteal phase is constant 14 days prior to period

Question 4

Barrier methods

Answer 4

female condom
male condom
spermicide
diaphragm
cervical cap
sponge

Question 5

Male Condoms

Answer 5

BEST STI protection
many have spermicide on them
recommended to use along with other options

Question 6

Female Condomas

Answer 6

non-latex
also prevent STI
more expensive
make them less noisy now -_-

Question 7

Diaphragm

Answer 7

requires fitting
use with spermicide
need to leave in for 6 hours after intercourse
they are latex

Question 8

cervical cap

Answer 8

silicone
must be fit
leave in for 6 hours after intercourse

Question 9

sponge

Answer 9

moisten and insert for up to 24 hours, not super effective

increase UTI’s

Question 10

spermicide

Answer 10

damages cell membranes of sperm and bacteria, can cause irritation. best if used with condom or diaphragm

Question 11

Primary moa for hormonal methods

Answer 11

estrogen and progesterone inhibit Gonadotropin release - prevents ovulation

Question 12

contraindications with estrogen/progesterone

Answer 12

stroke
CAD
estrogen dependant tumor
pregnancy
smoker over 35
migraine with nuro sx

Question 13

off label oses for OCP’s

Answer 13

reduce dysmenorrea/menorrhagia
decreases ovarian, endometrial and colorectal cancers
improves acne
improves osteopenea

Question 14

Main differences in pill contraceptives

Answer 14

all have ranging amounts of estrogen

range in amount and type of progesterone

Question 15

side effects of the pill

Answer 15

breast tenderness
headaches
nausea
bad lipid profile

Question 16

first gen oral drug with fewer side effects

Answer 16

norethindrone

Question 17

most common oral pill

Answer 17

levonorgestrel (plan B)

Question 18

3rd gen oral pill good for acne

Answer 18

norgestimate

higher stoke rate

Question 19

pill that’s a spironolactone analog

Answer 19

drospiridone
mineralocorticoid effects
less weight gain

Question 20

4th gen pill, best for what

Answer 20

dienogest

metromennorhagia

Question 21

monophasic pill

Answer 21

same dose for 3 weeks then placebo week

Question 22

biphasic/triphasic pill

Answer 22

varrying doses for 3 weeks then placebo week

Question 23

extendend cycle pill

Answer 23

saesonale - 84 days fixed dose then placepo week

lybrel - fixed dose always

Question 24

prescribing the right pill

Answer 24

start with low dose. wait 2-3 cycles to asses side effects

Question 25

how to start the pill

Answer 25

start on sunday after period

take at same time every day

Question 26

common side effects

Answer 26

breakthrough bleeding in forst 10 days - increase estrogen

after 10 days - increase progestin

Question 27

vaginal ring

Answer 27

wear 3 weeks. out 1 week

similar effecacy as oral

Question 28

transdermal patch

Answer 28

change once per week for 3, then off for a week

Question 29

Progesterone only options good for who?

Answer 29

if they have a lot of side effects or they are contraindicated for a combination

Question 30

downfall to starting a progesterone only pill

Answer 30

irregular bleeding for a while, but over time they will stop having periods

Question 31

benefits to progesterone only

Answer 31

reduced menstrual flow
little risk for stroke
reduced risk for cancer

Question 32

downfall of progesterone only pills

Answer 32

have to take within 3 hours every day

Question 33

injectable (4x per year) progesterone and it’s limitation

Answer 33

medroxyprogesterone (depo-prevara)

only be on it for 2 years or else bones weaken

Question 34

Implant progesterone

Answer 34

implanon, nexplanon

effective for 3 years

Question 35

Ermergency contraceptives

are effective when

Answer 35

within 72-120 hours

Question 36

Plan B

Answer 36

Progestin only

less nausea and vomitting - 2 step and 1 step options

Question 37

Ella can be used when

Answer 37

up to 5 days

has to be perscribed

Question 38

Yuzpe method

Answer 38

can just take 4 pills of lose dose or 2 pills of high dose within 72 hours of intercourse

causes nausea

Question 39

IUD 3 options

Answer 39

copper (paragard)- pre-fertilization effect. foreign body - infammation. still have periods, may be worse.

• 10 years (mirena)
  slow dose levonorgesrel
• 5 years (skyla)
  low dose levonorgesrel
• works for 3 years

Question 40

IUDs dont cause PID unless

Answer 40

you have and infection during insertion

Question 41

Tubal Ligation

Answer 41

Laparoscopic
can do during c section
decreases risk for cancer

Question 42

vasectomy

adverse effects

Answer 42

can do under local anesthesia

procedural effects
need semen analysis to show no motile sperm