Momentum and Impulse Flashcards
momentum
combines inertia and kinetic energy. p = mv, (kg . m/s) (vector)
impulse
the change in momentum, Δp
Newton’s 2nd law
when a force acts on an object, its motion will change. the force is proportional to the rate of change in the momentum. F=ma, FΔt=mΔv
inertia
the property of an object to stay at rest or in motion (Newton’s 1st law) (not really measured, just a concept)
increasing time
decreases force and vice versa
Force vs time graph
area under graph = impulse, height = max. force,
system
collection of objects
closed system
a system where no objects can enter or leave
isolated system
does not interact with anything outside the system (no external forces, no energy lost or gained)
collision
an interaction between two or more objects in which force acts on each object for a period of time. provides impulse to each object
bounce apart collision formula
m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1’ + m2v2’
Collide and stick formula
m1v1 + m2v2 = m1+2v1+2’
Explosion formula
m1+2v1+2 = m1v1’ + m2v2’
Conservation of momentum (physics principle #4)
momentum before equals momentum after (p = p’) (in isolated systems (ballistic pendulum)
Newton’s 3rd law
every action (force) has and equal and opposite reaction (Fnet = 0)
