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Immunology > Molecules need to know > Flashcards

Molecules need to know Flashcards

1
Q

CD molecules Expression (func3on)

A

CD19
CD80/86 CD40
CD3 CD4 CD8 CD28 CD40L CD25

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2
Q

Cytokines Source, Effect

A 
IL-2
IL-4, (IL-9)
IL-6, IL-8
IL-10
IL-12,
IL-17, (IL-22, IL-23)
(IL-7)
(IL-21)
IFN-gamma – Type II interferon IFN-alpha/beta – Type I interferon TNF-alpha
(TGF-beta)
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3
Q

Miscellaneous

A 
MHC class I and MHC class II T cell receptor (TCR)
FoxP3
CCR7
(CXCR5)
Toll-like receptors
B cell receptor (BCR)
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4
Q

What is the function of IL-17 secreted by Th 17 cells?

A

Recruits & activates innate immune response cells, such as neutrophils.

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5
Q

What is the function of IL-22 secreted by Th17

A

Induce secretion of anti-microbial peptides in skin & gut.

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6
Q

What is the function of IL-21 secreted by Follicular Helper T cells

A

Initiates antibody production in B cells

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7
Q

What is the function of IL-9 secreted by Th2 cells

A

activates mast cells

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8
Q

Cytokines: Interferons

A

Action: Anti-viral proteins

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9
Q

Cytokines: chemokine family

A

Action: direct cell migration, adhesion and activation

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10
Q

Cytokines: Tumour necrosis factor

A

Action: regulate inflammatory and immune responses

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11
Q

Cytokines: Interleukins

A

Action: variety of actions dependent on the interleukin and cell type

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12
Q

Cytokines: Haematopoietins

A

Action: promote cell proliferation and differentiation

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13
Q

Cytokines: Transforming growth factor beta family

A

Action: regulation of immune cells

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14
Q

pleiotropic

A

different effects on different types of target cells

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15
Q

redundant

A

multiple cytokines have same effect

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16
Q

synergic

A

cooperative effect of multiple cytokines

17
Q

antagonistic

A

inhibition of one cytokines effects by another

18
Q

cascade induction

A

multiple-step feed-forward mechanism for the amplified production of a particular cytokine

19
Q

role of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) in rheumatoid arthritis

A

-cytokine dysregulation

20
Q

Colony stimulating factors (CSF)

A
  • haematopoietin family of cytokines
  • therefore promote cell proliferation and differentiation

Macrophage-CSF (M-CSF) and granulocyte/macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) induce the proliferation of naïve bone marrow precursors and their differentiation into macrophage colonies and granulocyte and macrophage colonies, respectively

21
Q

What is CXCL10 (also known as IP-10)?

A

a chemokine secreted by IFNγ-stimulated cells

  • induces the migration of Th1 cells from areas of low CXCL10 concentrations towards areas with high concentrations of the molecule
  • Only T helper 1 (Th1) cells expressing CXCR3, the receptor to which CXCL10 binds are able to detect it
22
Q

CXCL10 gradient

A

from low to high

Immunology (14 decks)

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