Memory vaccines Flashcards
1
Q
Vaccination
A
-a means of producing immunity
2
Q
Edward Jenner
A
1796 cowpox vaccination
3
Q
Virus Attenuation : Sabino Poilio vaccine
A
- pathogenic virus is isolated and cultured on host cells
- virus is incubated on cells from another host
- virus spontaneously mutates and grows on second host’s cells
- virus can be used as a vaccine as it cannot grow on human cells
4
Q
Polio
A
killed (salk) vaccine introduced in 2004
5
Q
Killed vaccines
A
- usually use chemicals or heat
- these kill the organism
- killed organism can still induce immunity
6
Q
Subunit vaccines
A
- toxins are the pathogenic fragments of bacteria
- antibodies to toxins can protect from infection
- chemically inactivated toxins are called toxoids
7
Q
Conjugate vaccines
A
- polysaccharides are T cell independent (no memory)
- Hib vaccine is conjugated to tetanus or diptheria toxoid
8
Q
Secondary Antibody Responses are dependent on T cells
A
-the “carrier” effect
9
Q
Recombinant subunit vaccines
A
- eg human papilloma virus
- isolate gene for surface antigen
10
Q
3 ways: Live attenuated Influenza Vaccines
A
- cold adaption - grow only 25C
- temperature sesitive-dont grow at 37C
- att -virulence attenuated
-recombined with flu antigens -intranasal
11
Q
Live attenuated examples:
A
- measles
- rotavirus
- influenza
- shingles
12
Q
Subunit
A
- diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTP)
- influenza surface antigen
- pneumococcal
13
Q
Killed examples:
A
- Inactivated Polio (salk)
- Influenza (split virion)
14
Q
Conjugate subunit egs
A
- haemophilus influenzae B
- meningicoccal C
15
Q
Recombinant subunit
A
-Human papilloma Virus
