MOLECULES & MATTER Flashcards
What is the formula for density? (kg/m^3)
density = mass (kg) / volume (m^3)
how are the particle arranged in a dense material?
the particles are tightly packed.
what are the three states of matter?
gas, liquid and sold
explain the forces of attraction, energy levels and density level of a solid.
the forces of attraction are strong as the particles are tightly packed and fixed in regular arrangements. its energy level is low as they can only vibrate in a small, compact space.
its density is at its highest state as the particles are close together
explain the forces of attraction, energy levels and density level of a liquid.
the forces of attraction are weaker than solids as the particles are close together but can still move past each other as they are in an irregular arrangement.
the energy levels are higher than solids as they can move in random directions but at low speeds
the density of a liquid is lower than a sold as they are less tightly packed
explain the forces of attraction, energy levels and density level of a gas.
the forces of attraction are weak as no particles are connected and they move freely in irregular arrangements
the energy levels are high as they can move in random directions but at high speed
the density is low
what is internal energy?
internal energy is the kinetic and potential energy of all the particles that make up a system
what happens when you heat a system?
heating a system transfers the energy to its particles int heir kinetic energy store ( making them move faster) and increasing their internal energy
when does a change of state occur?
a change of state occurs if the substance is heated enough for the particle to gain enough energy to break their bonds
what happens on the flat spots on a heating graph?
energy is being transferred by heating but not used to change the temperature.
what is the energy needed to change the state of a substance called.
latent heat
what is specific latent heat?
specific latent heat is the amount of energy that is required to change the state of 1kg of a substance into another state WITHOUT CHANGING IT’S TEMP.
what’s the formula for specific latent heat?
energy = mass x specific latent heat
E=mL
