molecular structure of heritable material

Question 0

He primary worked with phenotypes 
?
?
genotypes
? ? ?

Answer 0

tall
dwaf

AA, Aa, aa

Question 1

Mendel laid foundation of modern genetics

• ?
• ?

Answer 1

law of segregation

law of independent assortment

Question 2

principles of inheritance.. 3 questions.

Answer 2

how is info transferred from parent to offspring
what material holds info
how is the info converted from genotype to phenotype

Question 3

the study of DNA and RNA structure and function =

Answer 3

molecular genetics

Question 4

properties of genetic material:

Answer 4

• must contain info
• must be transmissible
• must be replicable
• must be variable

Question 5

identification of DNA as genetic material: part 1
who in 1928 discovered Streptococcus pnumoniae
(smooth= capsule) lethal
(routh= no capsule) not lethal

Answer 5

Fredrick Griffith

Question 6

identification of DNA as genetic material: part 1
heat killed smooth:
-?
-?

Answer 6

not lethal

no bacterial isolated from blood

Question 7

identification of DNA as genetic material: part 1
heat killed smooth + live rough:
-?
-?

Answer 7

lethal

smooth bacteria in blood

Question 8

identification of DNA as genetic material: part 1

• the smooth bacteria are alien robots that can’t be heat killed..?
• heat turned live smooth bac. to zombie bac. that then turned the rough bac. into smooth zombies?

Answer 8

• transformer hypothesis

- zombie hypothesis

Question 9

Zombie Transformers:

_______ ______ were “transformed” to smooth by dead smooth bac.

Answer 9

rough bac.

Question 10

genetic info transferred from one bac. to another

Answer 10

transformation

Question 11

discovered in 1869 by Friedrich Miescher

-originally termed nuclein

Answer 11

nucleic acid structure

Question 12

4 levels of complexity (nucleic acid structure)

Answer 12

nucleoties
stands
double helix
3D folding of double helix

Question 13

the building blocks (phosphate+pentose sugars+nitrogenous base)
what are pentose sugars?
nitrogenous bases?

Answer 13

nucleotides
DNA and rna
purines–double ring & pyrimidines– single ring

Question 14

nitrogenous bases:
DNA made of?
RNA made of?

Answer 14

A,G,C,T

A,G,C,U

Question 15

nucleosides (just sugar and base)

• adenosine= ________+_________
• deoxyadenosine= _______ + ___________

Answer 15

adenine+ribose

adenine+deoxyribose

Question 16

-phosphodiester bonds link ___________

strand is polarized 5’,3’ (explain)

Answer 16

nucleoties
5’ end has free phosphate
5’ to 3’ = 5’ beginning and 3’ is ending

Question 17

DNA spirals go..

Answer 17

right handed clockwise

Question 18

• short strands of DNA can bind in major groove
• T in short strand binds to AT
• C in short strand binds to GC

Answer 18

triplex DNA

Question 19

• implicated in recombination
• potential to inhibit gene exp. of specific genes
• possible cancer treatment..

Answer 19

triplex DNA

Question 20

Nucleotides make up ______ _______

Answer 20

RNA strands

Question 21

transcribed RNA is _________ stranded

Answer 21

single

Question 22

Mendel _________ phenotypes and _______ genotypes

thus, genotypes were represented as Aa or Tt

Answer 22

observed , inferred

Question 23

what does SNP stand for

Answer 23

single nucleotide polymorphisms

Question 24

Specific microsaltellite loci are amplified using ________ _____ ______.

• the method of artificially replicating DNA
• one locus amplified at a time
• alleles are determined by fragment length

Answer 24

polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Question 25

Genotyping SNP’s
method 1: sequence whole transcriptome(all RNA expressed at a given time in an organism, or tissue within an organism)
method 2: RADseq( restriction site associated DNA)

Answer 25

1- transcriptomics

2- genome reduction (seq DNA next to restriction sites)