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Polymer Engineering > Molecular Origin Of Polymer > Flashcards

Molecular Origin Of Polymer Flashcards

1
Q

Molecules that have double, and triple covalent bonds that is each carbon atom is not bonded to the maximum (four) other atoms.

A

Unsaturated Molecules

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2
Q

All bonds are single ones, and no new atoms may be joined without the removal of others that are already bonded.

A

Saturated Molecules

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3
Q

A molecule that combines with other molecules of the same or different type to form a polymer.

A

Monomer

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4
Q

A low molecular weight polymer that contains at least two monomer units.

A

Oligomer

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5
Q

It specifies the length of the polymer molecule.

A

Degree of Polymerization

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6
Q

A dimensionless quantity given by the sum of the atomic weights in the molecular formula.

A

Molecular Weight

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7
Q

Enumeration.
Classification of Polymers.

A
  1. Based on Origin
  2. Based on Polymer Structure
  3. Based on Polymerization Mechanism
  4. According to Thermal Processing Behavior
  5. Based on Preparative Technique
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8
Q

Enumeration.
Classification of Polymers based on origin.

A
  1. Natural
  2. Synthetic
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9
Q

What does PET stands for?

A

Polyethylene Terephthalate

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10
Q

What does HDPE stands for?

A

High-density Polyethylene

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11
Q

What does PVC stands for?

A

Polyvinyl Chloride

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12
Q

What does LDPE stands for?

A

Low-density Polyethylene

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13
Q

What does PP stands for?

A

Polypropylene

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14
Q

What does PS stands for?

A

Polystyrene

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15
Q

Enumeration.
4 Classification based on Polymer structure.

A
  1. Linear
  2. Branched
  3. Cross-linked
  4. Network
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16
Q

Comparison.
Linear, Branched, Cross-linked, Network

A
  1. Linear Polymers are those in which the repeat units are joined together end to end in single chains. These long chains are flexible and may be thought of as a mass of “spaghetti”.
  2. Branched Polymers have side chains or branches growing out from the main chain. The side chains or branches are made of the same repeating units as the main polymer chains.
  3. In cross-linked polymers, adjacent linear chains are joined one to another at various positions by covalent bonds. Crosslinks are tend to be permanent in nature.
  4. Network Polymers are multifunctional monomers forming three or more active covalent bonds make three dimensional networks.
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17
Q

Enumeration.
Classification based on Polymer structure.

A
  1. Amorphous
  2. Crystalline
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18
Q

Comparison.
Amorphous, Crystalline.

A
  1. Amorphous polymers are polymers that have no crystalline regions and no uniformly packed molecules.
  2. Crystalline polymers exhibits a highly-ordered molecular structure, resulting in a repeating three-dimensional arrangement known as crystalline lattice.
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19
Q

A measure of the degree of order or orientation in a crystal.

A

Degree of Crystallinity

20
Q

Enumeration.
2 Classification Based in Polymer Structure (Monomer Composition).

A
  1. Homopolymer
  2. Copolymer
21
Q

When all of the repeating units along a chain are of the same type.

A

Homopolymer

22
Q

A polymer made up of more than one type of monomer unit.

A

Copolymer

23
Q

Representing two different mers by A and B.

A

Random Copolymer

24
Q

The two mers alternate in a regular fashion along the polymer chain.

A

Alternating Copolymer

25
Q

A linear polymer with one or more long uninterrupted sequences of each mer in the chain.

A

Block Polymer

26
Q

A branched copolymer with a backbone of one type of mer and one or more side chains of another mer.

A

Graft Copolymer

27
Q

Enumeration.
3 Classification based on Polymer structure.

A
  1. Fibers
  2. Plastics
  3. Elastomers
28
Q

Linear polymers with high symmetry and high intermolecular forces that result usually from the presence of polar groups.

A

Fibers

29
Q

Molecules with irregular structure, weak intermolecular attractive forces, and very flexible polymer chains.

A

Elastomers

30
Q

A polymer typically modified with additives which can be molded or shaped under reasonable conditions of pressure and temperature.

A

Plastic

31
Q

What does O stands for?

A

Bisphenol A

32
Q

Enumeration.
Classification based on Polymerization Mechanism.

A
  1. Condensation Polymers
  2. Addition Polymers
33
Q

Formed from a series of reactions, often of condensation type, in which any two species can react at any time leading to a larger molecule.

A

Condensation Polymers

34
Q

Produced by reactions in which monomers are added one after another to a rapidly growing chain.

A

Addition Polymers

35
Q

Enumeration.
Classification of Polymers according to thermal processing behavior.

A
  1. Thermoplastics
  2. Thermosets
36
Q

Comparison.
Thermoplastics, Thermosets.

A
  1. Thermoplastics are plastics that soften when heated and become firm again when cooled. The heating and cooling may be repeated and the thermoplastic may be reformed.
  2. Thermosets are plastics that soften when heated and can be molded but harden permanently. They decompose when reheated.
37
Q

Enumeration.
Classification based on Preparative Technique.

A
  1. Bulk Polymerization
  2. Solution Polymerization
  3. Suspension Polymerization
  4. Emulsion Polymerization
38
Q

Polymerization where only the monomer (and possibly catalyst and initiator, but no solvent) is fed into the reactor.

A

Bulk Polymerization

39
Q

It involves the polymerization of a monomer in a solvent in which both the monomer (reactant) and the polymer (product) are soluble.

A

Solution Polymerization

40
Q

It refers to the polymerization in an aqueous medium with the monomer as the dispersed phase.

A

Suspension Polymerization

41
Q

Similar to suspension polymerization, but the initiator is located in the aqueous phase (continuous phase) in contrast to the monomer (dispersed phase) in suspension polymerization.

A

Emulsion Polymerization

42
Q

Enumeration.
Bulk Properties of Polymers.

A
  1. Tensile Strength
  2. Young’s Modulus of Elasticity
  3. Transport Properties
  4. Pure Component Phase Behavior
43
Q

Quantifies how much stress the material will endure before failing.

A

Tensile Strength

44
Q

Quantifies the elasticity of the polymer.

A

Young’s Modulus of Elasticity

45
Q

The ratio of rate of change of stress to strain.

A

Young’s Modulus of Elasticity.

46
Q

A transition from a crystalline or semi-crystalline phase to a solid amorphous phase.

A

Melting Point

47
Q

A crucial physical parameter for polymer manufacturing, processing, and use.

A

Glass Transition

Polymer Engineering (6 decks)

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