Molecular genetics part 2

Question 1

DNA is found in the _____ of the cell

Answer 1

Nucleus

Question 2

What is located in the cytoplasm of the cell?

Answer 2

tRNA

Question 3

tRNA:

Answer 3

Is responsible for picking up amino acids and aligning them in the order specified by the gene

Question 4

On which strand is the anti-codon found?

Answer 4

tRNA

Question 5

Which strand is the codon found?

Answer 5

mRNA

Question 6

Polypeptide chain:

Answer 6

Are amino acids linked together in long chains

Question 7

Long chains of amino acids contain many ____bonds

Answer 7

peptide bonds

Question 8

Bases found before or after the start and stop codon on the mRNA are called?

Answer 8

Introns

Question 9

Which part of the cell does transcription occur?

Answer 9

Nucleus

Question 10

Translation occurs in the ____ of the cell.

Answer 10

Cytoplasm

Question 11

What occurs in termination?

Answer 11

The stop codon is reached and translation stops

Question 12

Initiation:

Answer 12

The start codon AUG begins the translation process

Question 13

What is responsible for reading the mRNA base sequence?

Answer 13

tRNA

Question 14

What is the consequence of changing the codon UGA to UGG?

Answer 14

The protein will be longer than normal

Question 15

Mendel’s three laws:

Answer 15

1. Law of dominance
2. Law of segregation
3. Law of independent assortment

Question 16

Law of dominance:

Answer 16

Some traits are stronger (dominant) and will hide weaker recessive traits.

Question 17

Law of segregation:

Answer 17

Traits are controlled by a pair of genes. These factors that occur in pairs, are separated from each other during gamete formation and recombined during fertilization

Question 18

Law of independent assortment

Answer 18

The inheritance of alleles from one trait does not affect the inheritance of alleles for another trait.

Question 19

In the bacterial transformation lab, what was the source of the glowing?

Answer 19

A protein inside the E. Coli

Question 20

Why do scientists use restriction enzymes?

Answer 20

To cut DNA at a specific point in a sequence of bases

Question 21

What was the role of arabinose sugar in the bacterial transformation lab?

Answer 21

It was the inducer molecule that turned on the operon

Question 22

Operon:

Answer 22

• Is a gene that can be ‘turned on’ or ‘turned off’ when needed
• Can be regulated by the presence of a specific molecule

Question 23

What gene from the plasmid used in the bacterial transformation lab codes for ampicillin resistance?

Answer 23

BLA

Question 24

Which gene from the plasmid used in the bacterial transformation lab acts as the operon?

Answer 24

araC

Question 25

What slowed the movement of the plasma membrane in the bacterial transformation lab?

Answer 25

Ice

Question 26

What neutralized the negative charge of the plasma membrane in the bacterial transformation lab?

Answer 26

CaCl2

Question 27

When creating recombinant DNA using ligation, which enzyme catalyzes the joining of two DNA fragments?

Answer 27

DNA ligase

Question 28

Annealing

Answer 28

Uses sticky ends and complimentary base pairing attraction when creating recombinant DNA.