Biodiversity and Classification

Question 1

What is an example of a post zygotic isolating mechanism?

Answer 1

Hybrids of 2 species that are sterile

Question 2

A population of gophers is geographically isolated by a recently built drainage ditch. This is an example of:

Answer 2

Allopatric speciation

Question 3

Allopatric speciation

Answer 3

When populations become geographically separated, each being subjected to different selective pressures and then finally establishing reproductive isolating mechanisms

Question 4

Hybrid breakdown occurs when…

Answer 4

Hybrids are fertile but produce offspring that are not fertile

Question 5

Allopatric speciation requires…?

Answer 5

Geographical isolation

Question 6

Geographical isolation

Answer 6

Includes mountains, rivers, and ocean which isolate species and prevent interbreeding

Question 7

Two species of squirrel occupy different ranges on either side of the Grand Canyon. This is an example of:

Answer 7

Geographical isolation

Question 8

A horse and a donkey mate to produce a mule. Their offspring lives but is sterile. This is an example of:

Answer 8

Hybrid sterility

Question 9

Prezygotic isolating mechanism

Answer 9

• Habitat Preference
• Behavioural compatibility
• Structural incompatibility
• Physical incompatibility

Question 10

Post-zygotic isolating mechanism

Answer 10

• Hybrid viability
• Hybrid sterility
• Hybrid breakdown

Question 11

two groups of species prefer to mate at different times of the day. This is an example of a…

Answer 11

Post-zygotic isolating mechanism

Question 12

What did Urey and Miller include in their experiment to represent the expected conditions on primitive earth?

Answer 12

• Water
• Methane
• Ammonia
• Hydrogen

Question 13

After Miller and Urey’s experiment ran for one week, how much of the original starting substances had been converted into amino acids?

Answer 13

2%

Question 14

Which phylum are sponges found?

Answer 14

Porifera

Question 15

Which kingdom belongs to the domain Eukarya?

Answer 15

• Protista
• Fungi
• Plantae
• Animalia

Question 16

Which domain contains bacteria that can survive extremely harsh environments?

Answer 16

Archaea

Question 17

List the taxonomic categories from broadest to most specific:

Answer 17

• Domain
• Kingdom
• Phylum
• Sub phylum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species

Question 18

Which phylum contains flat worms?

Answer 18

Platyhelminthes

Question 19

Which phylum does a human belong to?

Answer 19

Chordata

Question 20

Hybridization

Answer 20

Occurs when two different forms of a species that are normally reproductively isolated mate and produce offspring along a boundary called a hybridization zone.

Question 21

Polyploidy

Answer 21

Occurs when an individual has more than 2 copies of each chromosome.

Question 22

Polymorphism

Answer 22

Allows a species to change or blend in to protect itself.

Question 23

Adaptive radiation

Answer 23

Is the relatively rapid evolution of many species from an ancestral species

Question 24

Hybrid Sterility

Answer 24

The hybrid of two species may be viable but sterile, unable to breed
Eg.) The mule= the mix of a donkey and a horse

Question 25

Hybrid inviability

Answer 25

The fertilized egg may fail to develop properly. Fewer young may be produced and they may have low survivability

Question 26

Habitat preference

Answer 26

May not occupy the same habitat

Question 27

Behavioural incompatibility

Answer 27

may be sexually active at different times of the year or day, and they may have specific mating calls or rituals

Question 28

Structural incompatibility

Answer 28

Must have compatible sex organs, appearance and chemical makeup

Question 29

Physical incompatibility

Answer 29

If a sperm and egg fail to unite, fertilization will be unsuccessful

Question 30

Sympatric speciation

Answer 30

Is the formation of new species without geographic barriers.
Eg.) Polymorphism, Polyploidy, hybridization, or adaptive radiation