molecular genetics Flashcards
what is monoecy?
when an organism has only one type of reproductive organ.
what is dioecy?
organisms that have both reproductive organs.
what does the SRY region of the Y chromosome do?
inhibits the anti-teste DAX1.
what are purines and how many ring do they have?
adenine and guanine- 1 ring.
what are pyrimidines and how many rings do they have?
thymine and cytosine- 2 rings.
what is thymine replaced with in RNA?
uracil.
what does DNA helices do?
unzips strand of DNA.
what does DNA polymerase do?
binds free floating nucleotides with the template strand.
what does primate do?
forms a short primer sequence at the beginning of the template strand so that free floating nucleotides can bind to it.
what are telomeres?
parts at the end of the chromosome that shorten with every replication. they determine when the cell dies.
what are introns?
portions of the DNA that are spliced out for coding.
what are exons?
portions of the DNA which are left and code for codons.
what is forward genetics in a model organisms?
germline cells treated with mutagens to change their genetic info.
what is reverse genetics in model organisms?
genes are switched off to change phenotypes.
what is transgenics in model organisms?
genes from one organism placed in the gene code of another.
