Molecular Forces Flashcards
The attraction between two molecules
Intermolecular forces
A subset (small category) of intermolecular forces that include: Dipole-Dipole Forces, Hydrogen bonds, London Dispersion forces
van der Waals’ forces
Highest boiling point
Hydrogen bond
If there is a Hydrogen atom bonded to either a (), (), or () atom then it is a hydrogen bond
Fluorine, Oxygen, or Nitrogen
Intermolecular force that is 10x stronger than Dipole Dipole force
Hydrogen bond
Central atom has no lone pair
Nonpolar molecules
Central atom has lone pair
Polar molecules
2nd highest boiling point
Dipole-Dipole Force
A heteroatomic/polar molecule
Dipole-Dipole Force
Lowest boiling point
London Dispersion Force
Can be both polar/heteroatomic and
non-polar/homoatomic molecules but if they are polar/heteroatomic then they can only have one sole element like H(Hydrogen) and if they are non-polar/homoatomic they can only have one type of element like O^2(Dioxygen)
London Dispersion Force
Any force that binds together the atoms making up a molecule or compound (force inside the molecule)
Intramolecular force
Three types of intramolecular forces
Ionic bonds, Covalent bonds, Metallic bonds
A force present between two molecules (the
force is the lines in BETWEEN the molecules)
Intermolecular force
Consists of protons,
neutrons, and
electrons; It is a single element
Atom
Consists of two or more atoms; They are held together by Intramolecular bonds
Molecule
It is group of atoms that have a positive or negative charge (not molecules)
Ion
Positive charged ion
Cation
Negative charged ion
Anion
If Fluorine, Oxygen, and Nitrogen aren’t showed bonded to hydrogen, then it is considered as…
Dipole-Dipole force
It is a molecule where a positive electric charge is separated from a negative electric charge (a polar molecule). It will become a nonpolar molecule if all the valence electrons of the molecule are shared
or transferred.
Dipole
It is the force of attraction between oppositely charged ends of polar molecules.
Dipole-Dipole Force
It is a force that forms when two nonpolar molecules attract each other to form a
temporary bond. To do so, the protons and electrons move around the neutron cloud of the molecule to attract the other molecule.
London Dispersion Force
Weakest bond out of the 3 van der Waals’ forces
London Dispersion Force
Strongest bond out of the 3 van der Waals’ forces
Hydrogen Bonding
A special type of Dipole-Dipole Force
Hydrogen Bonding
