molecular diagnositcs Flashcards
what is an appropriate clinica l specimen to take for caries
- general swab of saliva or tooth surface
- minimal invasiveness
what organisms are important to detect for cariess
- could be anything really, but probably focus on what old literature states = streptococcus mutans, lactobacillus species
what method would you use to isolate bacteria from aries
- probably would not
- difficult to sample hundred of kids and differentiate colonies
what techniques could be used for isolating bacteria from caries
- next generation sequencing (NGS)
- microbiome analysis of 16S rDNA sequences would enable accurate picture of bacteria present
what preventative measures could be implemented to minimise carriage of caries
- improved diet advice
- behaviour advice
- public health measures
what specimens could you investigate for bleeding gums
- sub gingival plaque biofilm
where would you take specimen from for bleeding gums
- paper point from gingival crevice on site of inflammation
what organisms are important for gingivits/perio
- P. gingivalis and many others
what methods could be used to identify culprit organisms in perio
- selective agars, PRC, NGS
- ideally grown on plates and undertake sensitivity testing
how do you determine cause and effect
- removal of culprits organisms leads to resolution of disease
what treatment options are available for perio
- oral hygien, antisepsis (chlorohexidine), potentially antibiotics if non-responsive
does the knowledge you have obtained about the species present in the disease make a difference to your decisions on clinical management
- probably not
- you will sitll treat them the same way as no clear way of stating on bacteria is responsible
what is the cause of inflammation in denture stomatitis
- denture associated biofilm
what microorganisms are associated with denture stomatitis
- Candida albicans, candida glabrata, any oral bacteria
what types of specimens could be taken to isolate these microorganisms in denture stomatitis
- oral rinse or swab from localised area, foam pad for imprint
why is it important to identify the microorganisms in denture stomatitis
- differentiation Candida albicans from glabrata is important as glabrata is insensitive to azoles
are there systemic implications of an indwelling prosthesis for the patient
- possibility of aspiration pneumonia, possible (though low) links to cardiovascular disease
what type of clinical specimen would you are for an abscess
- looking to obtain pus sample
- needle aspirate
what types of microorganisms are you looking for in an abscess
- possibility of oral anaerobes
does the microorganism have a bearing on you take the specimen
- obligate anaerobes are oxygen sensitive, so if you want to grow these you must be weary
is timing of specimen collection/transport important for asbcess
- must have correct anaerobes transport media
what techniques would you use to identify the microorganisms from abscess
- standard plate culture and possibility of microscopy
are there systemic implications if an abscess is not dealt with effectively
- spreading odontogenic infection, possibility of sepsis
- patient could die
