Endodontic infection Flashcards
1
Q
what is endodontic infection
A
- different ways it can penetrate into root canal
- traverse down root surface to apex
- trauma
- infection to pulp generally secondary to tooth infections.trauma
2
Q
what are endodontic infections derived from
A
- endogenous microflora
3
Q
what type of infection are endodontic infections
A
- opportunistic
4
Q
what is the immune response in endo
A
- exacerbating immune response
- things drive the acute level of infection
- at the same time, they start to present antigens for T and B cells
- get periapical lesion
5
Q
what are the usual microorganisms in endo
A
- Bacteriodes 70%
- Prevotella 60%
- Lactobacillus 51%
- Streptococcus (oral) 41%
- Clostridium 36%
- Fusobacterium 33%
- Propionibacterium 29%
6
Q
what is an important endo pathogen
A
- enterococcus faecalis
- primary endodontic infections and secondary endodontic infections
- faecalis = comes from faecal route
7
Q
what are the virulence factors of enterococcus faecalis
A
- endotoxins
- adhesins
- collagenase
- hyaluronidase
- immune evasion
8
Q
what are primary endodontic infections
A
- polymicrobial
- dominated by gram-negative anaerobic rods
9
Q
what are secondary endodontic infections
A
- compose of one or a few bacterial species
- predominantly gram-positive microorganisms
10
Q
what’s so exciting about enterococcus faecalis
A
- gram-positive coccus = singly or pairs
- facultative anaerobe
- aggregative, adhesive, biofilm formation
- superoxide formation
- gelatinase
- cytolysin
- lipotechoic acid
11
Q
why is it difficult to be sure of microorganism
A
- integrity of sampling = how do you ensure no contamination
- what sample do you take
- can you ensure correct site
- do you have the correct media/transport to maximise samples
12
Q
why is microbial diagnosis not really that important
A
- doesnt change how we treat patient
13
Q
what are dual-species
A
- in a dual species environment the two organisms support each other, so once we remove one the other will not survive as well
