Molecular Biology (DNA And Protein Synthesis)

Question 1

Purine

Answer 1

Double ringed

Guanine,adenine

Puga2

T-A
G-C

Question 2

Pyrimidine

Answer 2

Single ringed

Thymine cytosine uracil

T-A
G-C

Question 3

DNA replication 1

Helicase

Answer 3

Two parent strands of double helix are separated by enzyme called DNA HELICASE. Are where separated is called replication fork.

Question 4

DNA replication 2

Answer 4

Binding proteins attach to unwound strands, preventing them from joining back together.

Question 5

DNA replication 3

Answer 5

RNA (single stranded) are attached to the template strands and act as a starting point for replication.

Question 6

DNA replication 4

Answer 6

DNA polymerase III synthesizes the new strands by adding free floating complementary nucleotides.

Question 7

Central dogma

Answer 7

1. dna replicates
2. dna codes are transcribed in the production of mRNA through transcription. mRNA migrates from the nucleus to cytoplasm.
3. mRNA carries coded information to ribosomes for use in protein synthesis through a process called translation.

Question 8

DNA

Answer 8

Molecule type: double strand helix
Sugar: deoxyribose 
Site: mostly in nucleus 
Metabolic rate: stable
Base:thymine (g-c a-t)

Question 9

RNA

Answer 9

Molecular type: single strand
Sugar: ribose
Site: throughout the shell
Metabolic rate: unstable (active)
Base:uracil (g-c a-u)

Question 10

RNA: nuclear (nRNA)

Answer 10

Exact complementary strand of DNA including all the non coding pieces of information.

Question 11

RNA: messenger (mRNA)

Answer 11

Functions in transferring important information coded in the DNA in the nucleus to the site of protein synthesis (cytoplasm)

Question 12

Transcription steps
1:
2:
3:

Answer 12

Initiation: RNA polymerase binds to promoter( makes sure it binds at beginning of gene)
Elongation:an nRNA molecule forms in 5’ to 3’ direction nucleotides match the exposed DNA template
Termination:synthesis continues until it reaches the end of a gene.