Molecular Biology Flashcards
What is molecular biology?
The study of the relationships between structures and function of biological molecules
What is bacterial DNA replication called?
semi-conservative
Describe bacterial transcription and translation?
RNA attaches to promoter on DNA, synthesis MRNA until termination, but ribosomes attach as no nuclear membrane and translate before termination
What is a codon?
three bases of DNA which codes for an amino acids
Why is DNA degenerate?
Some combinations of codons code for the same amino acid
What does the polymerase chain reaction do?
Reproduces sections of DNA rapidly
What is required for PCR?
DNA, polymerase, buffer, primers
What are the three phases of PCR?
Denature- separate strands, anneal- primers, extend- replicate
What temperature separates the two DNA strands?
90-100 degrees
What temperature do the primers attach?
30-65 degrees
What temperature are new DNA stands synthesised at
60-70 degrees
What are the applications of PCR?
Taxonomy, Diagnostics, Cloning
What are the two types of old DNA sequencing?
Maxam and Gilbert
Sanger
What does maxam and Gilbert sequencing work?
Enzyme cleavage, developed on x-ray film
What are the new types of sequencing?
Illumina sequencing
