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Year 1 ID > Bacterial Cultivation, Preservation and Innactivation > Flashcards

Bacterial Cultivation, Preservation and Innactivation Flashcards

1
Q

What is the process of bacterial reproduction?

A

Binary fission

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2
Q

What are the 4 growth cases of a bacteria?

A

Lag, exponential, stationary, decline

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3
Q

What occurs during the lag phase?

A

Metabolism to acquire essential constituents ready to divide

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4
Q

What happens during exponential phase?

A

binary fission causes exponential increase

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5
Q

What happens during the stationary phase?

A

Essential nutrients depleted and toxic metabolism products accumulate in media

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6
Q

What occurs during the decline phase?

A

Old cells die rapidly, followed by young

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7
Q

How can bacteria be quantified?

A

Microscopic counting, colony counting, opacity/ turbidity

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8
Q

What is a heterotroph?

A

bacteria that feed on pre-formed living organisms

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9
Q

What is an autotroph?

A

bacteria that use carbon dioxide

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10
Q

What needs to be considered for bacterial nutrition?

A

Large quantities of C and N, Peptones (protein) in culture media, phosphates for nucleic acid, sulphur for amino acids, Ca2+, Fe3+, Mg2+, K+

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11
Q

What are 3 microbial responses to nutritional deficiency?

A

Extracellular molecules collect nutrients, enter semi-starvation state, sporulation

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12
Q

What does a selective growth medium allow?

A

Can limit growth of unwanted microbes or growth of desired ones

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13
Q

What does differential growth media enable?

A

Enables differentiation between different microbes

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14
Q

What is a defined and complex medium?

A

Defined- known amounts of chemicals

Complex- unknown

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15
Q

What can influence bacterial growth?

A

Temp, Ph, Moisture, Atmosphere, Osmotic pressure

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16
Q

What is the most common temperature for bacteria growth?

A

37 degrees

17
Q

What is a mesophile bacterias range of temperature?

A

20-45 degrees

18
Q

What temperatures do thermophile and psycrophiles prefer?

A

Psyco- 15

Thermo- 60

19
Q

What does a microaerophlile require in terms of O2?

A

Oxygen in small amounts

20
Q

What are obligate, aerotolerant and facultative anaerobes?

A

Obligate- strict killed by O2
Aerotolerant- don’t use O2 but not killed by it
Facultative- can grow with or without

21
Q

What is a con of refrigeration, freezing, boiling and vacuum packing?

A

Refrigeration- some still grow
Freeze- survivors multiply rapidly when thawed
Boiling- endospores survive
Vacc- very selective

22
Q

How is must flash pasteurised and UHT produced?

A

Flash- 72c for 15 seconds

UHT- 140c for 1 sec

23
Q

What are the normal conditions of an autoclave?

A

121.5c dore 15 mins

24
Q

How can things be sterilised?

A

Airfiltration, Gamma radiation, UV light, Chemical methods

25
Q

What are the 5 chemicals used for innactivation?

A

Surfactants, Phenols, Halogens, Alcohols, Heavy metals

Year 1 ID (3 decks)

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