Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NURS 5334 > Moduule5Pharm > Flashcards

Moduule5Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

Which is not a use for loop diuretics?

a) HTN
b) edema
c) pulmonary edema
d) diabetes insipidus

A

Answer: d) diabetes insipidus

Loop diuretics good in renal impaired patients and for those who have been unresponsive to other diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which diuretic produces the most fluid and electrolyte loss?

A

loop diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which is not a SE of loop diuretics:

a) hypoglycemia
b) hyponatremia
c) hyperkalemia
d) ototoxicity
e) one or more of the above

A

Answer: e) one or more of the above

SE: hyponatremia, hypochloremia, dehydration, hypokalemia, hypotension, OTOTOXIC, HYPERGLYCEMIA, hyperuricemia, lipid metabolism issues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What relationship can loop diuretics have with digoxin?

A

Digoxin toxicity due to loss of K (potassium)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

If lithium and loop diuretics are administered in the same patient, what can happen?

a) lithium levels rise dangerously
b) lithium levels are not therapeutic (low)
c) loop diuretics can become toxic (high)
d) loop diuretics are not effective

A

Answer: a) lithium can rise dangerously due to decreased renal excretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

______ diuretic produces maximal diuresis compared to ______ diuretics. However ______ diuretics can be effective even when urine flow is decreased, whereas ______ diuretics are not.

choices: loop, thiazide, osmotic, potassium sparing

A

Loop diuretic produces maximal diuresis compared to thiazide diuretics. However thiazide diuretics can be effective even when urine flow is decreased, whereas loop diuretics are not.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which is NOT a side effect of thiazide diuretics?

a) hyponatremia
b) hypokalemia
c) hyperglycemia
d) ototoxicity

A

Answer: d)ototoxicity

Loop diuretics however are ototoxic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which is not a loop diuretic?

a) torsemide
b) ethacrynic acid
c) amiloride
d) bumetide

A

Answer: c) amiloride

It is a potassium-sparing diuretic (nonaldosterone antagonist)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where do thiazide diuretics act?

a) distal tubule
b) glomerulus
c) loop of henle
d) collecting tubule

A

Answer: a) distal tubule

They act in the early segment of the distal convoluted tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which is not an indicated use for thiazide diuretics?

a) HTN
b) diabetes insipidus
c) edema
d) pulmonary edema

A

Answer: d) pulmonary edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

True or false, potassium-sparing diuretics produce a modest increase in urine production?

A

True. They work more-so when used in conjunction with another diuretic to decrease K+ loss.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Spironolactone is what type of diuretic?

a) loop
b) thiazide
c) potassium-sparing
d) osmotic

A

Answer: c) potassium sparing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which of these are nonaldosterone antagonists?

a) spironolactone
b) triamterene
c) amiloride
d) mannitol

A

Answer: b & c

Note: spironolactone is an aldosterone antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the MOA for spironolactone?

a) blocks action of aldosterone
b) directly inhibits the exchange mechanism for aldosterone
c) creates an osmotic gradient
d) causes vasoconstriction which stimulates aldosterone

A

Answer: a) blocks action of aldosterone

This will increase the “peeing” out of sodium and the retention of K+ and H+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the MOA for triamterene?

a) blocks action of aldosterone
b) directly inhibits the exchange mechanism for aldosterone
c) creates an osmotic gradient
d) causes vasoconstriction which stimulates aldosterone

A

Answer: b) directly inhibits the exchange mechanism itself

DOES NOT block aldosterone it just blocks the pump

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which is not a SE of spironolactone?

a) hyperkalemia
b) gynecomastia
c) impotence
d) hirsutism
e) hyperglycemia

A

Answer: e) hyperglycemia

Other SE: deeper voice, menstrual irregularities

17
Q

What medications should be carefully considered when using spironolactone?

a) ACE
b) ARBs
c) CCB
d) K+ supps
e) one or more of the above

A

Answer: e) one or more of the above

a, b, and d

Avoid anything that is prone to causing hyperkalemia as spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic

18
Q

Which is a use for triamterene?

a) diabetes insipidus
b) HTN
c) edema
d) acne

A

Answer: b&c

Triamterene is a potassium sparing diuretic.

19
Q

Which is a use for spironolactone?

a) hyperaldosteronism
b) acne
c) premenstrual syndrome
d) diabetes insipidus
e) one or more of the above

A

Answer: e) one or more of the above

Uses include: a, b, c, and hypokalemia, HTN, edema, polycystic ovary syndrome

20
Q

Which is not an adverse effect of triamterene?

a) hyperkalemia
b) n/v
c) blood dyscrasia
d) impotence

A

Answer: d) impotence

Other SE: leg cramps

21
Q

What is the MOA of mannitol?

a) blocks action of aldosterone
b) directly inhibits the exchange mechanism for aldosterone
c) creates an osmotic gradient
d) causes vasoconstriction which stimulates aldosterone

A

Answer: c) creates an osmotic gradient

Creates osmotic force within the lumen of nephron

22
Q

What is an indicated use for mannitol?

a) HTN
b) prophylaxis of renal failure
c) elevated ICP
d) edema
e) one or more of the above

A

Answer: e) one or more of the above

Indicated uses are: prophylaxis for renal failure, elevated IOP, elevated ICP

23
Q

What is a side effect of mannitol?

a) hyperkalemia
b) blood dyscrasia
c) impotence
d) seizures

A

Answer: d) seizures

24
Q

Which ace inhibitors can be combined with a CCB?

a) peridonpril
b) enalapril
c) trandolapril
d) fosinopril
e) one or more of the above

A

Answer: a & c

Other ACE inhibitor which can be given with a CCB is benazepril

25
Q

Which ACE inhibitor is a prodrug and does not need to be converted to active form?

a) peridonpril
b) enalapril
c) moxepril
d) lisinopril

A

Answer: d) lisinopril

26
Q

Which ACE inhibitor is not given orally?

a) peridonpril
b) enalapril
c) moxepril
d) lisinopril

A

Answer: b) enalapril

27
Q

Which ace inhibitors should not be given with food?

a) catopril
b) enalapril
c) moxepril
d) lisinopril
e) one or more of the above

A

Answer: e) one or more of the above

Catopril & Moxepril cannot be given with food.

28
Q

What does an ACE inhibitor do?

A

Prevent conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2.

29
Q

Only ACE inhibitor that doesn’t need renal dosing:

a) catopril
b) enalapril
c) moxepril
d) fosinopril

A

Answer: d) fosinopril

30
Q

Which is NOT a use for ACE inhibitors?

a) HTN
b) MI
c) HF
d) Stroke

A

Answer: d) stroke

Other uses are diabetic/nondiabetic neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy

31
Q

MOA of ACE inhibitors (detailed):

A

Prevents angiotensin I–>angiotensin II. Causes blood vessels to dilate (mainly arterioles, not veins), reduces blood volume, prevent pathologic changes in heart. It also increases levels of bradykinin and is excreted by kidney.

32
Q

True or false, ACE inhibitors can reduce mortality after an MI and should be given ASAP.

A

True. They should be continued 6 weeks after MI.

33
Q

Which is not an adverse effect of ACE inhibitors:

a) first-dose hypotension
b) hypokalemia
c) angioedema
d) neutropenia
e) renal failure in those with bilateral renal artery stenosis

A

Answer: b) hypokalemia

ACE inhibitors inhibit angiotensin I from converting to angiotensin II which causes potassium to be retained.

Other SE: fetal injury, cough,

34
Q

True or false, ACE inhibitors can cause lithium to accumulate to toxic levels.

A

True.

35
Q

Which medications can cause lithium to accumulate to toxic levels?

a) ACE inhibitors
b) loop diuretics
c) ARBs
d) thiazide diuretics
e) one or more of the above

A

Answer: e) one or more of the above

ACE inhibitors and loop diuretics can cause lithium to accumulate to toxic levels.

36
Q

What is the MOA of ARBs?

a) blocks action of aldosterone
b) directly inhibits the exchange mechanism for aldosterone
c) creates an osmotic gradient
d) blocks the action of angiotensin II

A

Answer: d) blocks the action of angiotensin II

Note: it DOES NOT block the production of angiotensin II (ACE inhibitors have that function)

NURS 5334 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions