Module Two: Asepsis & Specimen Collection Flashcards
Asepsis
process for keeping away disease-producing microorganisms.
Aseptic technique (clean technique)
refers to practices designed to render an area and objects as free from microorganisms as possible.
What is medical asepsis and give example?
includes procedures used to reduce and prevent the spread of microorganisms.
eg. Hand hygiene, using clean gloves to prevent direct contact with blood or body fluids, and cleaning the environment routinely are examples of medical asepsis.
In medical asepsis, when is an object or area considered contaminated?
If it contains or is suspected of containing microorganisms.
Surgical asepsis (sterile technique) and give examples?
Procedures used to eliminate all microorganisms, including spores, from an object or area.
eg. - When the skim’s integrity is broken as a result of trauma, surgical incision, or burns.
- intentional perforation of the patient’s skin (e.g. the - - - insertion of intravenous catheters or administration of injections).
- During procedures that involve the insertion of catheters or surgical instruments into sterile body cavities.
In surgical asepsis, when is area or object considered contaminated?
If touched by any object that is not sterile
What can the nurse explain to the patient to avoid contamination during a procedure?
o Avoid sudden movements of body parts covered by sterile drapes.
o Refrain from touching sterile supplies, drapes, or the nurse’s gloves and gown.
o Avoid coughing, sneezing, or talking over the sterile area.
how many cm around the edge of a package is said to be unsterile?
2.5cm
In terms of body position, when is the area and objects considered unsterile?
When is it below a person’s waist or out of range of vision
What are the 7 principles of asepsis?
1) A sterile object remains sterile only when touched by another sterile object
2) Only sterile objects may be placed on a sterile field
3) A sterile object or field of view that is out of range, or object below a person’s waist is contaminated
4) A sterile object or field becomes contaminated by prolonged exposure to air
5) When a sterile surface comes in contact with a wet, contaminate surface, the sterile object or field becomes contaminated by capillary action
6) Fluid flows in the direction of gravity, and a sterile object becomes contaminated if gravity causes a contaminated liquid to flow over the objects surface (holding tweezers pointing downward)
7) The edges of a sterile field or container are considered to be contaminated
Is donning a mask, rotective eyewear, and a cap; performing a surgical hand scrub; applying a sterile gown; and applying sterile gloves a surgical or medical aseptic technique?
Surgical asepsis
How long should the catheter be clamp for before collection a specimen>
10-15min
What is the procedure for collection a urine specimen?
Explain that you will be using a syringe without need to remove urine through catheter port and that patient will not experience any discomfort.
Explain that you will need to clamp catheter for 10 to 15 minutes before obtaining urine specimen and that urine cannot be obtained from drainage bag.
Apply clean gloves. Clamp drainage tubing with clamp or rubber band for as long as 15 min below site chosen for withdrawal.
After 15 minutes, position patient so catheter sampling port is easily accessible. Port is where catheter attaches to drainage tube. Clean port with disinfectant swab for 15 seconds and let dry.
Attach needleless Luer-Lok syringe to built-in catheter sampling port.
Withdraw 3ml for culture or 20ml for routine urinalysis.
Transfer to a clean container for urinalysis and sterile container for culture.
Unclamp catheter.
How much specimen is needed for a urine culture?
3ml
How much specimen is needed for a urinalysis?
20ml
