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CNA SCHOOL > Module E-H & 1/2 AA > Flashcards

Module E-H & 1/2 AA Flashcards

1
Q

criminals break laws against?

A

the public

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2
Q

civil laws deal with

A

the relationships between people

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3
Q

what is tort

A

a wrong committed against person/property

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4
Q

malpractice definition

A

care you are not legally allowed to perform

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5
Q

assault definition

A

threatening to touch or attempting to touch without proper consent

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6
Q

battery definition

A

touching a person without consent

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7
Q

three types of consent

A

written, verbal, and implied

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8
Q

what is false imprisonment

A

unlawful restraining or restricitng a person’s movement

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9
Q

nurse aid’s role in legal matters(4)

A

know range of functions, keep skills sharp, keep resident well-being in mind, understand directions

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10
Q

we must protect our vulnerable adults from: (4)

A

neglect, misappropriation of property, abuse, and exploitation

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11
Q

who should nurse aid immediately report to about illegal/suspicious treatment

A

supervisor nurse

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12
Q

what are ethics

A

knowledge of what you SHOULD do. being accountable for your behavior. right and wrong.

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13
Q

basic human rights are protected by the

A

US Constitution

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14
Q

law vs ethics

A

must vs should

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15
Q

law vs ethics

A

must vs should

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16
Q

what is an ombudsman

A

a person assigned to their district who supports the best interest of the resident. they can call them at any time to report mistreatment without question, kinda like a social worker.

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17
Q

ethics help to:

A

guide sense of duty and conduct in workers

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18
Q

when to use ethical behavior

A

always!

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19
Q

ethical behavior can differ in residents based on

A

culture

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20
Q

end-of-life decision-making follows resident’s ___

A

individual ethical principles

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21
Q

nurse aid’s must respect resident’s ___

A

end of life decisions

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22
Q

the resident has a right to refuse ___

A

medical intervention at the end of life

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23
Q

the resident has a right to request ____

A

everything possible to prolong life

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24
Q

nurse aid’s treat residents with dignity by viewing them as ___ than themselves

A

greater

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25
Q

what is basic restorative care?

A

care provided after rehabilitation (PT) has done everything it can

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26
Q

the goal of restorative care?

A

to maintain function and increase independence

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27
Q

what are prosthetic devices?

A

REPLACEMENTS for LOSS of body part made for one person

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28
Q

nurse aid should observe ___ around prosthesis for _____

A

skin/pressure,abrasion

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29
Q

what are orthotic devices?

A

artificial devises that HELP with function or appearance made for one person

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30
Q

what are supportive devices

A

equipment that helps with movement

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31
Q

what are assistive devices?

A

equipment that helps with ADLs

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32
Q

what is another name for assistive devices?

A

adaptive devices

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33
Q

during bowel/bladder retraining, attempts to void are ____

A

scheduled

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34
Q

when are the best times to void (5)

A

when reisident awakens, one hour before meals, every two hours between meals, before going to bed, during the night as needed

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35
Q

bladder retraining techniques (5)

A

running water, lean resident forward, put residens hands in warm water, offer fluids to drink, pour warm water over perineum area

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36
Q

how long can bladder/bowel training take till successful?

A

8-10 weeks

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37
Q

staff muss be ____ and _____ everything when bladder/bowel retraining

A

consistent/record

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38
Q

chemotherapy side effects(5)

A

alopecia, digestive disturbances, stomatitis(inflammation of the mouth), decreased blood cell production, changes in cognitive function

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39
Q

targeted chemotherapy can raise

A

blood pressure

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40
Q

the fatty layer of skin ____ with age

A

decreases

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41
Q

with age, reduced _____ to skin produces drying and itching

A

circulation

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42
Q

older people develop ___,___,___ on their skin

A

skin tags, warts, and moles

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43
Q

variations of normal in the integumentary system (4)

A

breaks, pale/white/reddened ares, black/blue ares, changes in scalp/hair

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44
Q

pale/white/reddened areas of skin indicate

A

stage 1 pressure ulcers (and other stages)

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45
Q

preventing skin problems in residents requires

A

positioning and skin care

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46
Q

follow ____ for positioning directives

A

care plan

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47
Q

prevent _____ when positioning

A

bed friction (like powdered sheets)

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48
Q

prevent head ____ when postioning

A

shearing

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49
Q

what is head shearing?

A

raising head above 30 degress

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50
Q

watch out for _____ with orthotic devises

A

bony prominces

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51
Q

soap can ____ and ___ the skin with integumentary abnormalities

A

dry and irritate. use cleansing agent

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52
Q

what are ROM exercies

A

exercises that move each joint through its full ROM

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53
Q

what are PROM exercises

A

passive ROM exercises (you move their body for them)

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54
Q

pronation is?

A

palm down

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55
Q

supination is?

A

palm up

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56
Q

abduction vs adduction

A

arm away vs arm toward the body

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57
Q

dorsiflexion is?

A

foot flex up

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58
Q

plantarflexion is?

A

pointing ankles

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59
Q

opposition movements are when

A

parts of the body move in opposite directions to exercises. i.e., thumb to pinky.

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60
Q

height decreases ____ between ages __ and ___

A

1 to 2 inches, 20 and 70

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61
Q

what is arthritis

A

inflammation or swelling of the joints causes stiffness, pain, and decreased mobility

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62
Q

two types of arthritis

A

osteo (degenerative due to age) and rheumatoid (small to large at any age)

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63
Q

bones become ___ and ___ with age

A

weak, brittle

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64
Q

arthritis medicine can cause (2)

A

heartburn and stomach aches

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65
Q

nurse aid’s role with a fracture (2)

A

elevate the cast slightly higher than heart level, and observe for further abnormalities like swelling, sores, etc.

66
Q

nurse aid’s role with a hip fracture(4)

A

stay mindful of weight-bearing limitations, what ROM exercises to do and when, use abductions pillows, and just follow the care plan

67
Q

danger of not doing ROM exercises during hip fracture

A

blood clots which will get in lungs and lead to death

68
Q

phantom pain possibly happens because

A

damaged nerve endings

69
Q

do you report phantom pain?

A

YES. medication may be needed

70
Q

what is muscle contracture?

A

the muscle or tendon freezes and shortens casuing PERMANENT disability

71
Q

what is muscle atrophy?

A

the muscle degenrates due to lack of use

72
Q

what to do to prevent contracture and atrophy?

A

ROM exercises and positioning

73
Q

what is the nervous system

A

controls and coordinates the body functions

74
Q

the nervous system is the reflex center for the?

A

respiration and heartbeat

75
Q

the central nervous system consists of

A

brain and spinal cord

76
Q

the peripheral nervous system consists of

A

includes nerves that travel throughout the body

77
Q

strokes are caused by?(2)

A

a broken blood vessel in the brain or when oxygen to the brain is disrupted and the brainds cells die

78
Q

what is hemiplegia?

A

paralysis on one side of the body after stroke

79
Q

what is hemiparesis

A

weakness on one side of the body after stroke

80
Q

expressive aphasia

A

trouble speaking and writing after stroke

81
Q

receptive aphasia

A

trouble receiving and understanding information after stroke

82
Q

what is emotional liability

A

uncalled for emotional outburtst after stroke

83
Q

what is dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

84
Q

what 9 things can someone experience after a stroke

A

hemiplagia, hemiparesis, expressive aphagea, receptive aphegia, emotional liability, loss of sensation, loss of bowl.bladder control, cognitive impairment, and dysphagia

85
Q

never call residents stroke affected side as ___

A

bad side

86
Q

strokes increase the risk of what skin condition

A

pressure ulcers

87
Q

what does TOSS stand for

A

take
off
strong
side
(referring to dressing post stroke)

88
Q

what does POW stand for

A

put
on
weaker (side)
(referring to dressing post stroke)

89
Q

what is paraplegia

A

complete paralysis on lower body

90
Q

what is quadraplegia

A

complete paralysis of entire body including trunk

91
Q

what is logrolling

A

whole body go weeee (two man job) keep the spine stright

92
Q

what is foot drop

A

paralysis of the front muscle on the foot. literally is what it sounds like

93
Q

what can be used for foot drop

A

positioning boots

94
Q

what is edema

A

swelling of the hands and feet

95
Q

what is cyanosis

A

pale/blue hands, feet, or lips

96
Q

weight gain from cardiovascular issues comes from?

A

fluid retention

97
Q

what are some abnormalities to signal cardiovascular issues (4)

A

edema
cyanosis
weakness or tiredness
Fluid retention

98
Q

nurse aid’s role during congestive heart failure (6)

A

common sense and intake & output records, elastic stockings, weighing resident, elevating feet, and head of bed

99
Q

abnormalities with respiratory issues (5)

A

cyanosis
dyspnea
changes in R rate
tiredness
pain in chest

100
Q

what is dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing

101
Q

what is ccpd (copd)

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

102
Q

what is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

A

chronic, proggresive diesease causing expiration troubles. includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema

103
Q

what is chronic bronchitis

A

inflammation of bronchi usually caused by smoking

104
Q

what is emphysema

A

when someone got bronchitis and didn’t quit smoking now they got this smh. they on oxygen now

105
Q

nurse aid’s role in ccpd (4)

A

position so they are upright, offer small meals and fluids, encourage pursed breathing, observe oxygen,

106
Q

nurse aid’s role with respiratory system (4)

A

postion for lung expansion, light exercise, encourage deep breathing exercises, limit exposure to smoke

107
Q

the thinning of the stomach lining can cause?

A

digestive issues

108
Q

what is peristalsis?

A

poop movement on the inside. the canal.

108
Q

what is peristalsis?

A

poop movement on the inside. the canal.

109
Q

what is a sphincter

A

booty hole muscle

110
Q

is incontinence apart of aging

A

no

111
Q

what is ulcerative colitis

A

chronic inflammatory disease of large intestine

112
Q

ulcerative colitis can result in

A

a colostomy

113
Q

what is a colostomy

A

a surgically created opening (stoma) from large intestine to allow stool into a bag

114
Q

fecal impaction looks like what in the underwear

A

streak

115
Q

nurse aid digestive system care (3)

A

offer fluids each time you enter room (unless on fluid restriction), exercise, toileting schedule

116
Q

urinary system rids waste form where

A

blodd

117
Q

urinary system structure:

A

kidneys located in the abdominal cavity back, ureters tubing kidneys to the bladder, urinary sac, and urethra leading it all the way outside

118
Q

how big are kidneys

A

four to five inches

119
Q

what do kidneys do (2)

A

filter waste from blood and produces urine, regulate electrolytes

120
Q

what do kidneys HELP with

A

maintaining water balance and blodd pressure

121
Q

how long are ureters

A

about a foot

122
Q

how long are ureters in males vs females

A

seven to eight vs one and a half inches

123
Q

whos more prone to uti

A

females

124
Q

never refer to adult briefs as a

A

diaper

125
Q

what is “clean catch” urine

A

mid stream pee

126
Q

24 hour collection of urine is

A

all the urine of the day, but not the first (that’s yesterday)

127
Q

what is the endocrine system

A

system of GLANDS that secrete chemicals directly into blood stream

128
Q

structure of endocrine system?

A

glands throughtout the body

129
Q

functions of the endocrine system?(6)

A

maintain balance
growth
sugar in blood
calcium in bones
regulate reproduction
regulate metabolism

130
Q

diabetes mellitus happens because?

A

pancreases produces too little or does not use insulin properly

131
Q

why is insulin needed in the body

A

it moves glucose to cells who need glucose for energy

132
Q

why do diabetics have high blood sugar?

A

the sugar levels rose because there’s no insulin to move it

133
Q

three types of diabetes?

A

type 1, type 2, and gestational (only for pregnant women)

134
Q

nurse aid’s pay special attention to what for diabetic residents

A

DIET.

135
Q

report to nurse if diabetic refuses a?

A

meal

136
Q

how to know if resident has hypoglycemia?

A

“cold and clammy need some candy”

137
Q

how to know if a resident has hyperglycemia?

A

“sweet breath gives sugar a rest”

138
Q

nurse aid should observe how a diabetic ____ their meal

A

eats

139
Q

what is eupnea

A

it just normal breathing

140
Q

normal respiratory rate?

A

12 - 20 breaths per minute

141
Q

what do veins do

A

carry trash blood to heart

142
Q

what do arteries do

A

carry clean blood to cells form heart

143
Q

what is a pulse?

A

a wave of blood passing through the artery. felt at an artery

144
Q

what is pulse rate

A

number of beats per minute

145
Q

what is pulse rythym

A

regularity of heart beats

146
Q

what is pulse force

A

intensity of heart beat

147
Q

what are the 6 pulse sites

A

temporal (under ear)
carotid (neck)
apical (over heart)
brachial (inside elbow)
radial(wrist)
pedal(foot)

148
Q

never check ___ pulse with two hands

A

carotid

149
Q

brachial pulse is usually measured when ____ is measured

A

blood pressure

150
Q

normal heart rate for adults

A

60 - 100 beats per minute

151
Q

what is the term for less than 60 heart beats per minute

A

bradycardia

152
Q

what is the term for more than 100 heartbeats per minute

A

tachycardia

153
Q

normal adult blood pressure ranges

A

systolic = 90 - 119 mm Hg
diastolic = 60 - 79 mm Hg

154
Q

blood pressure is measured in what units/

A

millimeters of Mercury (mm Hg)

155
Q

what is hypertension?

A

elevated blood pressure

156
Q

what is hypotension

A

too low blood pressure

157
Q

the temperature taking types (5)

A

oral - mouth
rectal - rectum
axilla - armpit
tympanic -ear
temporal artery - forehead

158
Q

normal oral temperature range

A

97.6 F - 99.6 F

159
Q

baseline oral temp

A

98.6 F

CNA SCHOOL (7 decks)

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