Module 9: The puerperium & lactation

Question 1

Factors influencing return of ovulation & menstruation: BREASTFEEDING

Answer 1

Exclusively BF; particularly on-demand without formula or solid foods - delays ovulation & menstruation due to prolactin suppression. Prolactin inhibits ovulation by suppressing GnRH secretion.

Question 2

Factors influencing return of ovulation & menstruation: MATERNAL HORMONES

Answer 2

Hormones like prolactin & cortisol regulate ovulation & menstruation return. Prolactin suppresses ovulation, while cortisol from stress affects hormonal balance & menstrual regularity

Question 3

Factors influencing return of ovulation & menstruation: TISSUE DAMAGE

Answer 3

Extent of tissue damage during childbirth, especially in the uterus affects uterine cycle return. Healing from childbirth-related tissue damage influences hormonal signaling & menstrual initiation.

Question 4

Factors influencing return of ovulation & menstruation: MATERNAL BODY WEIGHT/FAT STORES

Answer 4

Maternal eight & fat stores gained in pregnancy influence hormonal balance & ovulation/menstruation timing. higher body fat stores may delay ovulation & menstruation return

Question 5

Factors influencing return of ovulation & menstruation: BASELINE CYCLICAL ACTIVITY

Answer 5

Each womens normal basal cyclical activity, including cycle length & regularity before pregnancy, affects ovulation & menstruation timing postpartum

Question 6

Factors influencing return of ovulation & menstruation: DIET

Answer 6

Nutritional status, including post-partum dietary intake impacts hormonal balance and reproductive function, affecting ovulation and menstruation return

Question 7

Factors influencing return of ovulation & menstruation: DRUGS

Answer 7

Certain medicines or drugs used during childbirth/postpartum influence hormonal levels & ovulation/menstruation return, impacting the timing of the process

Question 8

Involution

Answer 8

The process by which certain organs or tissues return to their pre-pregnancy state following childbirth, involving reduction in size, restoration of structure, and healing if any damage.

Question 9

Define involution and d